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Exam 13: Physical Properties of Solutions

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Question 31

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Which process defines how molecular compounds form ions upon dissolution?

A) ionization
B) composition
C) division
D) dissolution
E) decomposition

F) A) and C)
G) A) and D)

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Question 32

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Which of these compounds is a nonelectrolyte?

A) NaF
B) HNO₃
C) CH₃COOH (acetic acid)
D) NaOH
E) C₆H₁₂O₆ (glucose)

F) B) and D)
G) C) and E)

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Question 33

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What is the vapor pressure above a solution prepared by dissolving 0.500 mol of a nonvolatile solute in 275 g of hexane (86.18 g/mol) at 49.6°C? P°hexane = 400.0 torr at 49.6°C.

Safrole was once used as a flavoring in root beer,until it was banned in 1960.What is the vapor pressure of a solution prepared by dissolving 0.75 mol of nonvolatile safrole in 950 g of ethanol (46.07 g/mol) ? P°ethanol = 50.0 torr at 25°C.

Determine the freezing point of a solution which contains 0.31 mol of sucrose in 175 g of water.(For water,K_f = 1.86°C/m)

Which of the following aqueous solutions should demonstrate the most ideal behavior?

What is the freezing point of an aqueous solution of NaCl that boils at 102.5°C? (For water,K_f = 1.86°C/m; K_b = 0.52°C/m)

Human blood has a molar concentration of solutes of 0.30 M.What is the osmotic pressure of blood at 25°C? (R = 0.08206 L • atm/K • mol)

Dissolving a solute such as KOH in a solvent such as water results in

A solution of potassium hydroxide is in equilibrium with undissolved solute at 45°C.What will happen if the temperature is raised to 50°C? (ΔH_soln = -57.6 kJ/mol)

Hydration is the process in which organic solvent molecules surround a solute particle.

An electrolyte is a substance that dissolves in water to yield a solution that conducts electricity.

What is defined as the difference between the freezing point of a pure solvent and the freezing point of the solution?

A hydrophilic colloid must generally be stabilized.

Which substance is present in the smallest proportion in a solution?

Explain the following,on the basis of osmosis or osmotic pressure: Meat that is salted before cooking tends to dry out.

______________ is the term used for a water fearing substance.

What is the molarity of a solution that is 26.0% by mass phosphoric acid (H₃PO₄) and that has a density of 1.155 g/mL?

Explain the following,on the basis of osmosis or osmotic pressure: When sprinkled with sugar,a dish of sliced fruit will form its own juice.

Below is a diagram representing a solvent A(l) in a 1-L beaker,and a solute X dissolved in the solvent.Solvent A has a density of 0.8 g/mL,and a molar mass of 40 g/mol. Solute X has a molar mass of 30 g/mol.Each circle of X represents 1 mol of X.Assume that the solute addition does not significantly change the volume of liquid in the beaker. What is the mass percent of solute X in this solution?