Question 1

What type of reaction is necessary to produce a dipeptide from individual amino acids?

Accepted Answer

A)  dehydration reaction
B)  hydrolysis reaction
C)  denaturation
D)  Dipeptides are not formed from amino acids.
E)  None of the answer choices will form a dipeptide.F) A) and B)
G) B) and C)

Question 2

The lower the pH

Accepted Answer

A)  the lower the hydrogen ion (H+) concentration.
B)  the more acidic the solution.
C)  the higher the pH.
D)  the greater the hydroxide ion (OH-) concentration.
E)  the closer the hydroxide ion (OH-) concentration comes to equaling the hydrogen ion (H+) concentration.F) B) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 3

Rain falling in the northeastern U.S.has a pH between 5.0 and 4.0.Normally,rainwater has a pH of about 5.6.Which of the following statements is not correct?

Accepted Answer

A)  The pH of the rainwater has changed from neutral to acidic.
B)  The pH of the rainwater has become more acidic.
C)  The hydrogen ion (H+) content of the rainwater has increased.
D)  The proportion of hydroxide ions (OH-) in the rainwater has declined.
E)  The rainwater with a pH of 4.0 is ten times more acidic than the rainwater with a pH of 5.0.F) A) and B)
G) B) and C)

Question 4

One carbon atom can form covalent bonds with up to ___ other atoms to form an organic molecule.

Accepted Answer

A)  2
B)  3
C)  4
D)  6
E)  8F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 5

Organic molecules

Accepted Answer

A)  always contain carbon.
B)  always contain hydrogen.
C)  always contain carbon and hydrogen.
D)  are found only in organisms,hence their name.
E)  are always food molecules.F) C) and D)
G) B) and D)

Question 6

A covalent bond is

Accepted Answer

A)  a type of bond that results in ionic compounds.
B)  the transfer of electrons from one atom to another.
C)  a sharing of electrons between two atoms.
D)  an attraction of charged atoms.
E)  a sharing of protons between two atoms.F) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 7

Which of the following functional groups is present in amino acids?

Accepted Answer

A)  SH
B)  NHH
C)  COOH
D)  OH
E)  All of the answer choices are present in amino acids.F) B) and C)
G) D) and E)

Question 8

The primary function of carbohydrates is

Accepted Answer

A)  quick fuel and short-term energy storage.
B)  structural reinforcement of plant and fungal cell walls.
C)  encoding the hereditary information.
D)  to speed chemical reactions in cells.
E)  to transport molecules across cell membranes.F) C) and D)
G) C) and E)

Question 9

When two glucose molecules combine they form a disaccharide molecule and

Accepted Answer

A)  another glucose molecule.
B)  another disaccharide molecule.
C)  a dipeptide molecule.
D)  a lipid molecule.
E)  a water molecule.F) None of the above
G) A) and E)

Question 10

Cholesterol is a component of cell membranes and is an example of which type of lipid?

Accepted Answer

A)  steroids
B)  phospholipids
C)  fatty acids
D)  triglycerides
E)  oilsF) B) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 11

The nucleus of an atom contains

Accepted Answer

A)  neutrons and electrons.
B)  electrons only.
C)  protons,neutrons,and electrons.
D)  protons and neutrons.
E)  neutrons only.F) None of the above
G) B) and C)

Question 12

The backbone of a nucleic acid strand is composed of

Accepted Answer

A)  glycerol.
B)  "R" groups.
C)  nitrogenous bases.
D)  alternating pentose sugars and phosphate groups.
E)  alternating adenines and thymines.F) C) and D)
G) C) and E)

Question 13

Two molecules of glucose combine to form a disaccharide molecule during a(n) ________ reaction.

Accepted Answer

A)  dehydration
B)  hydrolysis
C)  hydrogen bond
D)  ionic bond
E)  inertF) A) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 14

Calcium chloride,CaCl2,is an ionic compound in which

Accepted Answer

A)  one chlorine atom transferred an electron to the other chlorine atom.
B)  each chlorine atom has lost electrons.
C)  calcium has two extra electrons in its innermost shell.
D)  calcium has gained two electrons.
E)  calcium has lost two electrons.F) D) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 15

An ion is an atom that

Accepted Answer

A)  exists in a gaseous state.
B)  has a net charge.
C)  does not have a net charge.
D)  shares electrons with other atoms.
E)  shares neutrons with other atoms.F) C) and D)
G) All of the above

Question 16

If an element has an atomic number of 12,how many electrons are in its outermost shell?

Accepted Answer

A)  1
B)  10
C)  8
D)  2
E)  12F) None of the above
G) A) and B)

Question 17

Since pure water is neutral in pH,it contains

Accepted Answer

A)  no hydrogen ions (H+) .
B)  no hydroxide ions (OH-) .
C)  neither hydrogen ions (H+) nor hydroxide ions (OH-) .
D)  an equal number of hydrogen ions (H+) and hydroxide ions (OH-) .
E)  seven times more hydrogen ions (H+) than hydroxide ions (OH-) .F) C) and D)
G) B) and E)

Question 18

The chemical reactivity of an element is dependent on

Accepted Answer

A)  the number of protons.
B)  the arrangement of neutrons.
C)  the number of electrons in the outermost shell.
D)  the number of protons and neutrons.
E)  the number of electrons in the inner shell.F) D) and E)
G) None of the above

Question 19

Which of the following radiation uses is the one that is most likely to have both beneficial and harmful consequences?

Accepted Answer

A)  using radiation to treat a cancer patient
B)  using radiation to sterilize mail
C)  using radiation to sterilize surgical equipment prior to a surgery
D)  radiating fruits and vegetables prior to storage
E)  All of the answer choices will have beneficial and harmful consequences.F) C) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 20

When an ionic bond forms,electrons are

Accepted Answer

A)  lost from both atoms.
B)  gained by both atoms.
C)  shared equally by both atoms.
D)  totally lost from the paired atoms.
E)  transferred from one atom to another.F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Exam 2: The Molecules of Cells

Cholesterol is a component of cell membranes and is an example of which type of lipid?

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Calcium chloride,CaCl2,is an ionic compound in which

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When an ionic bond forms,electrons are

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The primary function of carbohydrates is

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Which of the following radiation uses is the one that is most likely to have both beneficial and harmful consequences?

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The chemical reactivity of an element is dependent on

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Which of the following functional groups is present in amino acids?

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If an element has an atomic number of 12,how many electrons are in its outermost shell?

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What type of reaction is necessary to produce a dipeptide from individual amino acids?

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A covalent bond is

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The backbone of a nucleic acid strand is composed of

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The lower the pH

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Rain falling in the northeastern U.S.has a pH between 5.0 and 4.0.Normally,rainwater has a pH of about 5.6.Which of the following statements is not correct?

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When two glucose molecules combine they form a disaccharide molecule and

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Since pure water is neutral in pH,it contains

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An ion is an atom that

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The nucleus of an atom contains

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Two molecules of glucose combine to form a disaccharide molecule during a(n) ________ reaction.

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One carbon atom can form covalent bonds with up to ___ other atoms to form an organic molecule.

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Organic molecules

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Calcium chloride,CaCl₂,is an ionic compound in which

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