Question 1

The situation with major ocean fishing areas is

Accepted Answer

A)  good since the oceans are so large; they are the one remaining natural ecosystem.
B)  generally positive,with only 1 or 2 of the 15 major oceanic fishing areas overexploited.
C)  generally negative,due to increased number and efficiency of fishing boats and the negative impact on biodiversity.
D)  positive for the bottom dwellers that are protected,but negative for the schools of swimming fish.
E)  negative for the bottom dwellers that are over-fished by trawling,but positive for the schools of swimming fish that can easily evade capture.F) B) and D)
G) A) and C)

Question 2

Which of these activities are permitted in core of the biosphere reserve?

Accepted Answer

A)  research and hunting
B)  light ecotourism and hunting
C)  hunting and fishing
D)  light ecotourism and research
E)  None of the answer choices is correct.F) D) and E)
G) B) and D)

Question 3

Marginal rangeland becomes desert and farmland loses its productivity as a result of lost topsoil.Which of the following is a main cause of topsoil loss?

Accepted Answer

A)  Strong winds and rain on bare soil cause erosion,along with the use of large farming machines.
B)  Farmers plant too many crops on smaller pieces of land.
C)  Excessive animal grazing on land results in loss of vegetation and,therefore,topsoil.
D)  The use of fertilizers,along with the use of large farming equipment,leads to topsoil losses.
E)  The accumulation of mineral salts and the evaporation of excess irrigation water are leading causes of the loss of topsoil.F) A) and D)
G) C) and D)

Question 4

Coastal degradation,such as the loss of mangrove swamps and coral reefs,is primarily caused by

Accepted Answer

A)  erosion of seashores by storms.
B)  slash and burn agriculture to raise crops.
C)  increased ranching for beef export.
D)  the large concentration of people living along coasts.
E)  increased high-tech industry.F) C) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 5

Allowing animals to overgraze land could lead to all of the following consequences EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  desertification.
B)  famine.
C)  less land suitable for human habitation.
D)  more rainwater runoff.
E)  improved nutrition for local human occupants.F) A) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 6

The loss of a keystone species would lead to

Accepted Answer

A)  a great number of secondary extinctions.
B)  an increase in species diversity within the community.
C)  an increase in the population of other keystone species.
D)  immediate collapse of the community.
E)  no noticeable change in the biodiversity of the community.F) All of the above
G) A) and C)

Question 7

The depletion of the world's fisheries is most likely due to which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  sport fishing
B)  commercial large-scale fishing
C)  discharge of sewage and garbage from cruise ships
D)  natural climate shifts
E)  natural extinction of fish populationF) B) and C)
G) D) and E)

Question 8

The most familiar level of biodiversity is

Accepted Answer

A)  species diversity
B)  genetic diversity
C)  ecosystem diversity
D)  landscape diversity
E)  conservation diversityF) A) and D)
G) None of the above

Question 9

The use of wheat,corn,rice,and other crops modified from wild ancestors are an example of _______ value drawn from biodiversity.

Accepted Answer

A)  agricultural
B)  medicinal
C)  consumptive use
D)  indirect
E)  noF) A) and B)
G) All of the above

Question 10

An example of ecotourism would include

Accepted Answer

A)  charging an airport tax to compensate for the pollution from jetliners.
B)  vacationing to hike or watch birds in a natural outdoor environment.
C)  volunteering to conduct ecological research at a university.
D)  keeping an organic garden in your backyard.
E)  planting trees on a vacant city lot.F) A) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 11

In spite of hundreds of millions of dollars spent on insecticides targeted at pest species,such as mosquitoes and crop pests,we have been unable to drive any to extinction.On the other hand,bird,fish,plant,and insect species that we barely recognize have gone extinct.This has mainly been due to

Accepted Answer

A)  hunting.
B)  farming.
C)  insecticides such as DDT.
D)  habitat destruction.
E)  scientific collecting.F) D) and E)
G) All of the above

Question 12

Which of the following countries is the world's leading producer of hydropower?

Accepted Answer

A)  United States
B)  Brazil
C)  Canada
D)  Switzerland
E)  GermanyF) A) and E)
G) B) and D)

Question 13

Which one of the following is NOT a way that invasive (alien) species are introduced into a new habitat?

Accepted Answer

A)  intentionally introduced by humans
B)  unintentionally introduced during transport of crops
C)  unintentionally introduced during discharge of ship ballast tanks
D)  natural introductions on the feet,wings,or fur of migrating organisms
E)  unintentionally introduced in packaged,processed foodsF) A) and D)
G) A) and C)

Question 14

When designing a reserve area,there should be a limit to

Accepted Answer

A)  the number of species included so it does not become overcrowded.
B)  how large the area is so that it can be patrolled and monitored.
C)  how small the area is so that edge effects will be minimized.
D)  how close the area is to a national park so that wildlife will not be tempted to move from one area to the other.
E)  the number of conservation corridors that connect to it.F) A) and B)
G) C) and D)

Question 15

The main goal of conservation biology is to

Accepted Answer

A)  Promote the needs of certain ecosystems that are determined to be in danger.
B)  Apply scientific principles to preserving and restoring ecosystems.
C)  Prevent the hunting and fishing of all species.
D)  Prevent the building of large structures like shopping malls and businesses.
E)  Promote the welfare of endangered species.F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 16

Modern farming methods have resulted in all of the following EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  an increase in the overall food supply.
B)  less efficient irrigation methods.
C)  heavy use of fertilizers,pesticides,and herbicides.
D)  excessive fuel consumption.
E)  planting of fewer genetic varieties of plants.F) C) and D)
G) A) and E)

Question 17

Which of the following does NOT result in the loss of topsoil?

Accepted Answer

A)  planting crops in straight rows
B)  use of large farming machines
C)  salinization
D)  overuse of fertilizer
E)  wind and rainF) C) and E)
G) None of the above

Question 18

Which of the following is NOT a disadvantage to the use of fossil fuels?

Accepted Answer

A)  contribution to the greenhouse gases
B)  excessive pollution
C)  nonrenewable resource
D)  transference of fossil fuel energy into food energy
E)  increased methane productionF) B) and C)
G) C) and D)

Question 19

Ecosystems are based on complex interactions between communities.What are possible consequences from a disruption of these interactions?

Accepted Answer

A)  increases in pollution
B)  increases in biodiversity
C)  increases in extinctions
D)  decreases in pollution
E)  decreases in extinctionsF) A) and D)
G) C) and E)

Question 20

A partnership between less developed countries and resorts can lead to an increased income for the country.We call this indirect value in biodiversity

Accepted Answer

A)  direct value.
B)  ecotourism.
C)  exotic species.
D)  colonization.
E)  overexploitation.F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Exam 37: Environmental Concerns

Which of the following does NOT result in the loss of topsoil?

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The most familiar level of biodiversity is

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Which of these activities are permitted in core of the biosphere reserve?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The depletion of the world's fisheries is most likely due to which of the following?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In spite of hundreds of millions of dollars spent on insecticides targeted at pest species,such as mosquitoes and crop pests,we have been unable to drive any to extinction.On the other hand,bird,fish,plant,and insect species that we barely recognize have gone extinct.This has mainly been due to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An example of ecotourism would include

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The main goal of conservation biology is to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Marginal rangeland becomes desert and farmland loses its productivity as a result of lost topsoil.Which of the following is a main cause of topsoil loss?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The use of wheat,corn,rice,and other crops modified from wild ancestors are an example of _______ value drawn from biodiversity.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which one of the following is NOT a way that invasive (alien) species are introduced into a new habitat?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Allowing animals to overgraze land could lead to all of the following consequences EXCEPT

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is NOT a disadvantage to the use of fossil fuels?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The loss of a keystone species would lead to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Modern farming methods have resulted in all of the following EXCEPT

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When designing a reserve area,there should be a limit to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Coastal degradation,such as the loss of mangrove swamps and coral reefs,is primarily caused by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Ecosystems are based on complex interactions between communities.What are possible consequences from a disruption of these interactions?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following countries is the world's leading producer of hydropower?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The situation with major ocean fishing areas is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A partnership between less developed countries and resorts can lead to an increased income for the country.We call this indirect value in biodiversity

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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