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Exam 10: Motivating Employees

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Question 1

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Talk about "shell-shock"! Two nights ago,Adam was living in a tent with thirty other Marines in the hills of Afghanistan.Today he is waking up to the smell of fresh linen,in a king-sized bed,in his very own room in DeKalb,Illinois.Three days ago,his first priority was the welfare of his battle buddies.This morning,his first priority (according to his family)is not wasting anytime and getting back into college.Although he has always believed in the importance of school and the respect that comes with achieving a degree,right now he is not quite in the frame of mind.His first desire is to spend time renewing old friendships,including organizing a couple of float trips and ball game nights with the group of friends he left behind.According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs,Adam has a strong desire to satisfy his self-esteem needs.

A) True
B) False

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Question 2

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Frederick Taylor believed that workers existed to make management's job easier and more efficient.He believed that workers were interested in one thing: good pay.If a business provided good pay,workers would provide the grueling labor necessary to get the job done.

A) True
B) False

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Question 3

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Mini-Case The first meeting between the new CEO of Idle Time Gaming,Inc. ,John Noble,and Howie Spradlin,the production manager did not go smoothly.The purpose of the meeting was to discuss the problem of declining productivity and to develop a strategy to turn the situation around. Howie started the conversation by handing Mr.Noble most recent production report."I've always thought that most of our employees were lazy,and now I've got proof," Howie stated."We pay these guys the highest wages in the industry,provide them with a safe place to work,and make the job as simple as possible.We aren't asking these guys to do brain surgery,but productivity still lags and our production costs increase.I've told all the supervisors to watch these lazy bums every second to make sure they put in a full day's work.If those guys think I'm going to let them get away with goofing off,they're in for a rude awakening." CEO Noble responded in a way that surprised Howie."Maybe these employees aren't lazy,Howie,maybe they are just bored and resent the way we've treated them," he said."The employees are experienced and well trained.They might work harder and smarter if the work were more interesting and rewarding.Their attitudes might even improve if we treated them with more respect.Maybe one of the best ways for you and I to understand where they're coming from is to spend some time along side them." For the next hour,the two discussed ways to improve worker motivation and performance.Howie left the meeting with an unsettled feeling.Many of Mr.Noble's suggestions seemed naïve to Howie."Mr.Noble is the boss,but I think he is too optimistic regarding human nature," Howie mused.Reluctantly,Howie had to admit that his own approach had not succeeded in improving the plant's performance.He decided to take a hard look at some of Mr.Noble's ideas. -Before ending the meeting,John Noble informed Howie that he would be sending out an email to all employees asking for suggestions as to how the jobs could be restructured to improve productivity.As Howie walked back to the production site,he shook his head,"Is Noble from a different planet? Does he really think our workers have a clue?" Unlike Noble,Howie does not realize that:

_____________ studied how the characteristics of the job itself affected worker motivation.

Managers who believe job enrichment can effectively improve motivation would try to give employees a significant degree of freedom and flexibility in scheduling their work and in determining the procedures they use.

Motivation is largely the result of external rewards and punishments.

In order to encourage teamwork between and among managers and employees,top management must create an organizational culture that allows autonomy,decentralizes authority,and rewards good work.

Recent economic problems as well as demographic and social changes in Japan have led some Japanese firms to seek new approaches to management.

The best remedy for staving off perceptions of inequity is:

As a manager,Charlene works hard to ensure that employees are treated fairly,yet she still gets feedback that indicates that some employees don't believe she is fair.This problem most likely results from the fact that:

At Boss Motorcar Company,employees are grouped into teams.Each team is responsible for assembling an entire automobile.Boss gives each team freedom and flexibility to decide how to divide-up the work.The company keeps the employees informed about how their cars are selling,and even shows them the comments customers make about quality and performance on customer satisfaction questionnaires.Boss Motorcar Company is using a strategy of:

Theory Y managers are likely to use empowerment to motivate employees.

According to Maslow,people will try to satisfy lower order needs before they turn their attention to higher order needs.

William Ouchi believed that a pure Type J approach to management would not work in the United States because it:

One of the elements essential to Frederick Taylor's approach to improving worker productivity was:

JP Pharmaceuticals has redesigned many jobs to make the work more interesting and challenging.The company encourages its employees to further their education by reimbursing them up to $5,000 per year for tuition and related expenses.JP also recognizes worker achievements at a company picnic each spring and a company party in December.Talented employees are given promotions and added responsibilities.These policies suggest that management at JP Pharmaceuticals is using the findings of:

The Green Velvet Lawn Care Company teaches all of its employees specific methods for fertilizing and seeding lawns.The methods are designed to ensure adequate lawn coverage with a minimum of time and effort.All employees are expected to follow these methods precisely.Green Velvet's approach to lawn care is consistent with the ideas of scientific management.

Which of the following would be most closely tied to the idea that employee motivation requires that the rewards for completing a task are sufficient to justify the effort?

By the time they graduate from high school,most people have received ample training to develop good listening skills.

Jenny is a creative and intelligent person who likes to work independently on challenging projects.Jenny would be most effective when working for a Theory X-type manager.