Question 1

Fungi were once classified as plants, but molecular data has shown that fungi are more closely related to animals than plants. Compare and contrast fungi to both plants and animals.

Accepted Answer

Answers may vary. Fungi were once classified as plants because they are nonmotile and their cells have cell walls. Upon closer examination, we find that fungal cell walls contain chitin, whereas plant cells walls contain mostly cellulose. Both are polymers of glucose, but chitin has nitrogen groups attached to the glucose molecules. Unlike plants, which are photoautotrophs, fungi are heterotrophic like animals. In contrast to animals that are heterotrophic by ingestion, fungi are heterotrophic by absorption. They secrete enzymes, which digest organic molecules externally. The fungus then absorbs the smaller molecules. Most fungi, like plants are nonmotile. An exception are the Chytrids which have a motile zoospore. It is believed that animals and fungi evolved from a flagellated protist.

Question 2

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi invade plant roots, with some species forming mutualistic associations that benefit both the fungus and the plant.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

The difference between septate hyphae and nonseptate hyphae is

Accepted Answer

A)   a difference in haploid and diploid cells.
B)   a distinction between saprotrophic fungi and parasitic or disease-causing fungi.
C)   a classification trait that separates basidiomycotes from ascomycotes.
D)   a distinction between plasmodial masses with many nuclei and nonliving zygospores.
E)   determined by whether the hyphae have cross walls or lack cross walls.F) A) and E)
G) A) and D) E

Question 4

Species of ________ are known to decompose jet fuel and wall paint.

Accepted Answer

A)   club fungi
B)   sac fungi
C)   AM fungi
D)   ChytridsE) A) and C)
F) B) and D)

Question 5

The relationship between the fungi and algae in lichens is best described as

Accepted Answer

A)   a simple cooperative mutualism between normally free-living strains.
B)   a possible controlled parasitism wherein the fungi withdraw food from the algae and the algae do not benefit from the association.
C)   an endosymbiotic transfer of the chloroplasts of algae to the hyphae cells.
D)   a complete mixing of the genomes of the two groups at the cellular level.
E)   a possible controlled parasitism wherein the algae are moistened and protected by the fungi, but the fungi do not benefit from the association.F) A) and E)
G) C) and E)

Question 6

All fungi share a common ancestor as well as having a relatedness to animals.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

What is the correct order of reproduction in members of Phylum Zygomycota?
A. Hyphae of opposite mating strains touch each other
B. Gametangia merge, nuclei pair and fuse
C. Spores are released from the sporangium
D. Gametangia form at the end of the hyphae
E. A thick wall develops around the zygospore

Accepted Answer

A)   a - d - b - e - c
B)   a - b - e - c - d
C)   a - b - c - d - e
D)   e - d- a - b - cE) A) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 8

Which of the fungal groups is mismatched with the asexual spore produced?

Accepted Answer

A)   Ascomycota-conidiospores
B)   Basidiomycota-conidiospores
C)   Zygomycophyta-sporangiospores
D)   Chytrids-zoospores
E)   None are mismatched. They are all correctly matched.F) B) and C)
G) D) and E) E

Question 9

Which is NOT a correct association of a fungus and product?

Accepted Answer

A)   Rusts and smuts-truffles
B)   Aspergillus-citric and gallic acid
C)   Saccharomyces cerevisiae-beer and wine
D)   Penicillium-antibiotics
E)   Aspergillus-soy sauceF) B) and E)
G) B) and D)

Question 10

Which statement is the most likely description of the common ancestor that exists between fungi and animals?

Accepted Answer

A)   The ancestor was a flagellated organism that lived in some type of aquatic environment. It was most likely a unicellular protist.
B)   The ancestor was a flagellated organism that lived on the terrestrial environment. It was most likely a unicellular protist.
C)   The ancestor was a flagellated organism that lived in some type of aquatic environment. It was most likely a multicellular protist.
D)   The ancestor was a multicellular organism that lived in some type of aquatic environment. It was most likely a flagellated protist.E) A) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 11

In time, bread becomes stale and grows mold on the exposed surfaces. Why does mold not begin growing inside the bread loaf?

Accepted Answer

A)   Mold can grow only on dry surfaces.
B)   Only molds at the surface of the bread can get oxygen to respire.
C)   Mold actually begins from anywhere inside but produces colored spores only at the surface.
D)   There is an antibiotic antagonism between the bread mold and the internal yeasts that made the bread rise.
E)   The bread was sterilized when it was baked and thereafter mold spores from the air settle only on the outside of the cooled bread.F) B) and E)
G) B) and D)

Question 12

Which of the following does not describe Phylum Ascomycota?

Accepted Answer

A)   They are limited to only asexual reproduction.
B)   Uses candidospores during reproduction.
C)   Morel mushrooms are members of this phylum.
D)   The fruiting body is known as an ascocarp.E) All of the above
F) A) and C)

Question 13

In differentiating fungi from plants and animals, which of the following statements is NOT true?

Accepted Answer

A)   Animals are heterotrophic by ingestion while fungi are heterotrophic by absorption.
B)   Plants have cell walls of cellulose; fungi have cell walls of chitin.
C)   The energy reserve of fungi is starch while the energy reserve of animals is glycogen.
D)   Fungal spores develop into haploid hyphae without embryo development; plants have embryo development.E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 14

The parasitic sac fungus that grows on rye and other grains and contains the hallucinogenic chemical lysergic acid is

Accepted Answer

A)   ergot.
B)   Penicillin.
C)   Rhizopus.
D)   Saccharomyces.
E)   Aspergillus.F) C) and D)
G) D) and E)

Question 15

Cladosporium is a club fungus that is used to make beer and wine.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Why are fungi classified in the Supergroup Opisthokonta, which includes animals and heterotrophic protists?

Accepted Answer

Answers may vary. DNA sequencing suggest...

Question 17

Which of the following statements describes a mycorrhizae?

Accepted Answer

A)   A mycorrhizae is a mutualistic relationship between fungi and the roots of most plants.
B)   A mycorrhizae is a mutualistic relationship between bacteria and the roots of most plants.
C)   A mycorrhizae is a parasitic relationship between bacteria and the roots of most plants.
D)   None of these statements describes a mycorrhizae.E) A) and B)
F) B) and D)

Question 18

An asexual spore produced by a sac fungus or club fungus is called a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)   mycelium.
B)   conidiospore.
C)   ascospore.
D)   basidiospore.
E)   hypha.F) B) and C)
G) C) and E)

Question 19

Which of the following traits are found in both fungi and animals?

Accepted Answer

A)   heterotrophic & consume preformed organic matter
B)   heterotrophic & absorb food
C)   multicellular & saprotrophs
D)   saprotrophs & contain cell walls of cellulose
E)   saprotrophs & contain cell walls of chitinF) B) and D)
G) B) and E)

Question 20

Which of the following spores is the result of asexual reproduction?

Accepted Answer

A)   sporangiospores
B)   zygospores
C)   ascospores
D)   basidiosporesE) A) and D)
F) B) and D)

Exam 22: Fungi Evolution and Diversity

Fungi were once classified as plants, but molecular data has shown that fungi are more closely related to animals than plants. Compare and contrast fungi to both plants and animals.

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi invade plant roots, with some species forming mutualistic associations that benefit both the fungus and the plant.

Correct Answer
verified

The difference between septate hyphae and nonseptate hyphae is

Correct Answer
verified
E

Species of ________ are known to decompose jet fuel and wall paint.

Correct Answer
verified

The relationship between the fungi and algae in lichens is best described as

Correct Answer
verified

All fungi share a common ancestor as well as having a relatedness to animals.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the fungal groups is mismatched with the asexual spore produced?

Correct Answer
verified
E

Which is NOT a correct association of a fungus and product?

Correct Answer
verified

Which statement is the most likely description of the common ancestor that exists between fungi and animals?

Correct Answer
verified

In time, bread becomes stale and grows mold on the exposed surfaces. Why does mold not begin growing inside the bread loaf?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following does not describe Phylum Ascomycota?

Correct Answer
verified

In differentiating fungi from plants and animals, which of the following statements is NOT true?

Correct Answer
verified

The parasitic sac fungus that grows on rye and other grains and contains the hallucinogenic chemical lysergic acid is

Correct Answer
verified

Cladosporium is a club fungus that is used to make beer and wine.

Correct Answer
verified

Why are fungi classified in the Supergroup Opisthokonta, which includes animals and heterotrophic protists?

Correct Answer
verified
Answers may vary. DNA sequencing suggest...
View Answer

Which of the following statements describes a mycorrhizae?

Correct Answer
verified

An asexual spore produced by a sac fungus or club fungus is called a(n)

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following traits are found in both fungi and animals?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following spores is the result of asexual reproduction?

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 22: Fungi Evolution and Diversity

Fungi were once classified as plants, but molecular data has shown that fungi are more closely related to animals than plants. Compare and contrast fungi to both plants and animals.

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi invade plant roots, with some species forming mutualistic associations that benefit both the fungus and the plant.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The difference between septate hyphae and nonseptate hyphae is

Correct AnswerverifiedE

Species of ________ are known to decompose jet fuel and wall paint.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The relationship between the fungi and algae in lichens is best described as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

All fungi share a common ancestor as well as having a relatedness to animals.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the fungal groups is mismatched with the asexual spore produced?

Correct AnswerverifiedE

Which is NOT a correct association of a fungus and product?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which statement is the most likely description of the common ancestor that exists between fungi and animals?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In time, bread becomes stale and grows mold on the exposed surfaces. Why does mold not begin growing inside the bread loaf?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following does not describe Phylum Ascomycota?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In differentiating fungi from plants and animals, which of the following statements is NOT true?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The parasitic sac fungus that grows on rye and other grains and contains the hallucinogenic chemical lysergic acid is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Cladosporium is a club fungus that is used to make beer and wine.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Why are fungi classified in the Supergroup Opisthokonta, which includes animals and heterotrophic protists?

Correct AnswerverifiedAnswers may vary. DNA sequencing suggest...View AnswerShow Answer

Which of the following statements describes a mycorrhizae?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An asexual spore produced by a sac fungus or club fungus is called a(n)

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following traits are found in both fungi and animals?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following spores is the result of asexual reproduction?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
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E

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E

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verified
Answers may vary. DNA sequencing suggest...
View Answer

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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