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In his writings during the late 1800s,the popular author Hamlin Garland


A) romanticized agrarian life in the West.
B) criticized western farmers for failing to develop a stable industry.
C) reflected the growing disillusionment of western farmers.
D) argued the Plains should be abandoned by Americans.
E) suggested the trials of rural life refined and enlarged the human spirit.

F) C) and D)
G) B) and E)

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The Sand Creek Massacre was a rare story of Indians killing whites.

A) True
B) False

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The Workingmen's Party of California was created in 1878 by Irish immigrant ________ to capitalize on hostility to the Chinese.

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The Dawes Act of 1887


A) was intended to preserve traditional Indian culture.
B) denied U.S. citizenship to landowning Indian adults.
C) was designed to force Indians to become landowners and farmers.
D) ended the U.S. government's effort to assimilate Indian tribes.
E) reaffirmed tribal ownership of western lands in the face of white claims to it.

F) B) and E)
G) A) and B)

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In the 1870s in the Far West,the largest single Chinese community was located in


A) Seattle.
B) Sacramento.
C) San Diego.
D) Los Angeles.
E) San Francisco.

F) All of the above
G) B) and E)

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Commercial farmers in the Midwest and West were forced to become self-sufficient.

A) True
B) False

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False

During the mid-nineteenth century,Hispanics living in California


A) lost ownership of large areas of lands.
B) saw an expansion in the power of californios.
C) attempted to revive the Spanish mission society.
D) joined with white Americans to drive out Indians.
E) increasingly became part of the state's middle class.

F) A) and B)
G) All of the above

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A

In the 1870s,nearly one out of every eighty miners was killed on the job.

A) True
B) False

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In 1851,a new reservation policy known as "________" replaced the idea that large numbers of tribes could live in one great enclave.

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Management of Indian affairs by the federal government was in the hands of the army.

A) True
B) False

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A number of Chinese immigrants worked in the mines of California before turning to the railroad for employment.

A) True
B) False

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Late nineteenth-century American farmers increasingly sold their produce in competitive international markets and bought their supplies in a domestic market protected by tariffs.

A) True
B) False

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The decimation of American buffalo herds in the late nineteenth century


A) destroyed the ability of Plains Indians to resist the advance of white settlers.
B) was accelerated by the eastern fad of owning a buffalo robe.
C) happened almost entirely in the space of a single decade.
D) was fostered by the railroad companies.
E) All these answers are correct.

F) A) and B)
G) B) and C)

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Before 1860,the traditional policy of the federal government was to regard Indians partly as


A) members of dependent states.
B) a natural enemy of the United States.
C) wards of the president of the United States.
D) non-humans.
E) citizens of the United States.

F) A) and B)
G) B) and C)

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Plains Indians were formidable foes of white settlers because they were usually able to present a united front.

A) True
B) False

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Plains Indians were not particularly vulnerable to infectious diseases brought from the eastern United States.

A) True
B) False

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False

In the 1850s,the U.S.policy of "concentration" for Indians


A) set the basis for Indian policy for the rest of the century.
B) affirmed and continued the previous federal treatment of Indians.
C) had many benefits for both whites and Indians.
D) reduced conflicts between whites and Indians.
E) assigned all tribes to their own defined reservations.

F) C) and E)
G) A) and B)

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Hispanic societies survived in the ________ in part because they were so far from the centers of English-speaking society.

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Mining in the West


A) did not see any great mineral strikes until after the Civil War.
B) flourished until the 1930s.
C) saw corporations move in first, followed by individual prospectors.
D) kept ranchers and farmers from establishing their own economic base.
E) saw individual prospectors move in first, followed by corporations.

F) A) and E)
G) All of the above

Correct Answer

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Which of the following Indian tribes was NOT found on the Pacific coast of the Far West?


A) Chumash
B) Chinook
C) Pomo
D) Creek
E) Serrano

F) B) and C)
G) B) and E)

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