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Exam 10: Motivating Employees

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Question 111

Multiple Choice

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In Maslow's hierarchy of needs,the desire for love and acceptance would fall into the category of:

A) social needs.
B) esteem needs.
C) primal needs.
D) self-actualization needs.

E) All of the above
F) None of the above

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Question 112

Multiple Choice

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A problem with equity judgments is that employees often ________ their own contributions to the success of a business.

A) overestimate
B) refuse to consider
C) do not care about
D) are unaware of

E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

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Question 113

True/False

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Frederick Taylor's ideas about improving worker productivity attracted a lot of attention at the time,but had little lasting significance.

U.S.workers value being treated fairly.According to equity theory,if things seem unfair,they will either do their best to make them equitable either by withholding effort,increasing effort,or by rationalizing that they are undeserving of the same as others. Equity judgments are based on perceptions and are subject to errors and disagreements.It is not unusual for employees to overestimate their own contributions and to disagree with the evaluations of managers.When this happens,the employees may perceive the pay and recognition they receive as inequitable even if the manager was actually accurate in evaluating performance.

According to the Legal Briefcase,"Upset at UPS",companies are still transitioning from past practices of using scientific management principles when managing employees.UPS is hiring "thinking" workers who can make a variety of workplace decisions themselves and are less tolerant of companies that place rigid rules and physical requirements on employees.In the past,occupational safety issues have cost the company millions. According to the Legal Briefcase,"Upset at UPS",employees are looking for more than good wages and benefits when selecting a place to work.Workers are more educated and look for firms that are more flexible with work schedules and decision-making practices.UPS for one has found that expecting rigid time-motion requirements of their workers has become costly.They are now investing in adding new health and safety measures to their work environment.

Which of the following statements best describes the theme behind the Thinking Green box,titled,"Green Team Go"?

During the first year at the Millennium Company,management trainees spend two months in each of six different departments where they have the opportunity to learn skills in each functional area,but also make decisions about where they have the best match.Job rotation is a motivational strategy used by contemporary organizations. Although it requires employees to train and retrain in a number of areas,job rotation makes jobs interesting and motivates employees to find their niche and cross-train in a number of functional areas.

________ is a system of goal setting and implementation that involves a cycle of discussion,review,and evaluation of objectives among top and middle managers,supervisors,and employees.

Describe and compare the basic contributions of Maslow and Herzberg to the understanding of worker motivation.

The Hawthorne studies concluded that worker motivation:

Equity theory suggests that if employees perceive inequity in the workplace,they might respond with reduced productivity,higher absenteeism,or even voluntary resignation.

An important criterion that helps to determine the type of management style [Type A,J,or Z] that works best for firms is:

Reflecting upon the differences in Type J and Type A work environments,which of the following statements is fundamental to Type J:

According to Herzberg's views,which of the following strategies would be most likely to result in a higher level of worker motivation?

One of the reasons management by objectives is an effective way to implement the ideas of goal-setting theory is that it:

Jenny is a creative and intelligent person who likes to work independently on challenging projects.Jenny would be most effective when working for a Theory X-type manager. Theory X-type managers expect employees to follow orders and give them little freedom and flexibility to be creative.Jenny probably would become very frustrated under the direction of a Theory X-type manager.

List the three generations in the workplace today,and provide at least two characteristics of each generation that affect their motivation.

Herzberg's research examined how conditions related to the job itself affected the motivation of employees.

Herzberg found that the sense of achievement employees experienced when they performed their jobs was an important motivator.

As companies restructure to create greater efficiencies in their operations,there is a greater opportunity for _____________ where management combines specialized tasks in one job,and asking employees to broaden their scope of responsibilities.