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In the current year,the New Products Division of Testar Company had operating income of $8,000,000 and operating assets of $44,800,000.Testar has set a target return on investment (ROI) of 16% for each of its divisions.Which of the following statements is correct?


A) The New Products division yielded ROI that was lower than the target ROI.
B) Residual income for the New Products division was $832,000.
C) The New Products division yielded no residual income.
D) All of these answers are correct.

E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

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Indicate whether each of the following statements about transfer pricing is true or false. A cost-based transfer price has the advantage of promoting efficiency and fairness.______ A market-based transfer price may be adjusted to take into account cost savings that occur as a result of sales being made within the company.______ A decentralized company should adopt a policy of requiring divisions in the company to make sales to other divisions when such sales will benefit the company as a whole.______ The level of capacity at which the selling division is operating should not affect the level of the transfer price for a sale to another division in the same company.______ Companies with operations in two or more countries sometimes try to set transfer prices at a level that will reduce their overall income tax bill.______

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A cost-based transfer price has the adva...

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Terra Company has two divisions,the Retail Division and the Wholesale Division.The following information was gathered for the two divisions for the current year:  Retail Division  Wholesale Division  Operating income $2,500,000$6,000,000 Operating assets $16,000,000$36,000,000\begin{array} { l l c } & \text { Retail Division } & \text { Wholesale Division } \\\text { Operating income } & \$ 2,500,000 & \$ 6,000,000 \\\text { Operating assets } & \$ 16,000,000 & \$ 36,000,000\end{array} Assuming that these are the only divisions of Terra Company,what is the ROI for the company as a whole?


A) 15.7%
B) 16.3%
C) 16.6%
D) 32.3%

E) None of the above
F) A) and D)

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An important disadvantage of decentralization is that managers may engage in suboptimal behavior.

A) True
B) False

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Retail Sales and Wholesale Sales are the only divisions of Terra Company.The following information was gathered for the two divisions for the current year:  Retail Division  Wholesale Division  Operating income $2,500,000$6,000,000 Operating assets $16,000,000$36,000,000\begin{array} { l l c } & \text { Retail Division } & \text { Wholesale Division } \\\text { Operating income } & \$ 2,500,000 & \$ 6,000,000 \\\text { Operating assets } & \$ 16,000,000 & \$ 36,000,000\end{array} The company has $1,200,000 in operating assets that are not assigned to either of the divisions and $500,000 in corporate expenses that are not reflected in the information above.Based on this information,what is the ROI for the company as a whole?


A) 17.7%
B) 16.9%
C) 15.0%
D) The answer cannot be determined using the information provided.

E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

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Payne Company reported the following information for the current year:  Sales $1,600,000 Average Operating Assets $500,000 Desired ROI 14% Net Income $85,000\begin{array} { l l} \text { Sales } & \$ 1,600,000 \\\text { Average Operating Assets } & \$ 500,000 \\\text { Desired ROI } & 14 \% \\\text { Net Income } & \$ 85,000\end{array} The company's residual income was:


A) $(15,000) .
B) $14,000.
C) $15,000.
D) $24,000.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

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Which of the following may be used to establish transfer prices?


A) Standard cost of a product
B) A negotiated price
C) Market price
D) All of these are correct answers.

E) C) and D)
F) All of the above

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Cambridge Company has three divisions that all report to the vice president of manufacturing.Each division has two departments.On Cambridge's organization chart,there will be three lines leading to the vice president of manufacturing,one for each division.

A) True
B) False

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Which of the following statements about return on investment (ROI) is false?


A) ROI equals margin divided by investment turnover.
B) ROI is used to measure the performance of investment centers.
C) Seeking to maximize ROI can result in a conflict between the interest of a particular manager and the interest of the business as a whole.
D) Companies may minimize motivational problems by using original cost instead of book value in the denominator of the ROI formula.

E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

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Describe the concept of decentralization as applied to large business organizations.Why do large organizations practice decentralization?

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The level of complexity in the operatio...

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Which of the following is not typically found in a decentralized organization?


A) Cost center
B) Decision center
C) Investment center
D) Profit center

E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

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The Water Management Company has two operating divisions,the Service Division and the Irrigation Division.The company evaluates the performance of its divisions using the return on investment (ROI)measure.The following information pertains to the two divisions as of the end of the current year.  Service  Irrigation  Division  Division  Total Units repaired; Units producedand sold8,000250Level of investment in operatingassets$400,000$1,000,000$1,400,000 Expenses:  Direct materials 40,000400,000440,000 Direct labor 200,000200,000400,000 Overhead 25,000250,000275,000 Selling/administrative (S&A)  costs 15,000150,000165,000 Total expenses $280,000$1,000,000$1,280,000\begin{array}{l}&\text { Service } & \text { Irrigation } & \\&\text { Division } & \text { Division } & \text { Total }\\\text {Units repaired; Units produced}\\\text {and sold}&8,000&250\\\text {Level of investment in operating}\\\text {assets}&\$400,000&\$1,000,000&\$1,400,000\\\\\text { Expenses: }\\\text { Direct materials } & 40,000 & 400,000 & 440,000 \\\text { Direct labor } & 200,000 & 200,000 & 400,000 \\\text { Overhead } & 25,000 & 250,000 & 275,000\\\text { Selling/administrative (S\&A) }\\\text { costs } & \underline{15,000 }& \underline{150,000} & \underline{ 165,000} \\\text { Total expenses } & \underline{ \$ 280,000} & \underline{\$ 1,000,000 }& \underline{ \$ 1,280,000}\end{array} The average service fee was $50.00 per unit for the Service Division,while the average selling price of an irrigation system was $5,000 for the Irrigation Division.The company requires a minimum return on investment of 12%. Required: Compute the return on investment (ROI)measure for both divisions and the company as a whole.Based on ROI alone,which division had the better performance? (Round ROI measures to the nearest whole percent.)

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ROI measures:
Based...

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Patterson Company has three divisions that all report to the vice president of manufacturing.Each division has two departments.The vice president of manufacturing should receive detailed responsibility reports on all six of the departments.

A) True
B) False

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Select the incorrect statement concerning the application of the controllability concept to responsibility accounting.


A) As a practical matter, control of costs or revenues may be shared rather than absolute.
B) The concept of control is crucial to an effective responsibility accounting system.
C) Managers lose motivation when they are held accountable for actions that are beyond their scope of control.
D) Each manager should be evaluated on the costs but not the revenues that are under his or her control.

E) B) and C)
F) B) and D)

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Fairpoint Products provided the following selected information about its consumer products division for the current year:  Desired ROI 8% Net Income $100,000 Residual Income $60,000\begin{array} { l c c } \text { Desired ROI } & 8 \% \\\text { Net Income } & \$100,000 \\\text { Residual Income } & \$ 60,000\end{array} Based on this information,the division's investment amount was:


A) $500,000.
B) $1,250,000.
C) $750,000.
D) $2,000,000.

E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

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Investment centers are often evaluated on the basis of return on investment.

A) True
B) False

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Sanford Company reported the following information for the current year:  Sales $880,000 Average operating assets $475,000 Desired ROI 10% Net Income $90,000\begin{array} { l c c } \text { Sales } & \$ 880,000 \\\text { Average operating assets } & \$ 475,000 \\\text { Desired ROI } & 10 \% \\\text { Net Income } & \$ 90,000\end{array} Required: Based on this information,calculate the company's residual income.

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Residual Income = Net Income ?...

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The Electronics Division of Anton Company reports the following results for the current year:  Revenues $800,000 Operating expenses $656,000 Operating income $144,000 Operating assets $1,200,000\begin{array} { l c c } \text { Revenues } & \$ & 800,000 \\\text { Operating expenses } & \$ & 656,000 \\\text { Operating income } & \$ & 144,000 \\\text { Operating assets } & \$ & 1,200,000\end{array} Anton Company has set a target return on investment (ROI) of 11% for the Electronics Division. The Electronic Division's margin is:


A) 11.25%.
B) 12%.
C) 66.7%.
D) 18%.

E) A) and C)
F) A) and D)

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The Electronics Division of Anton Company reports the following results for the current year:  Revenuses $800,000 Operating expenses $656,000 Operating income $144,000 Operating assets $1,200,000\begin{array} { l c c } \text { Revenuses } & \$ & 800,000 \\\text { Operating expenses } & \$ & 656,000 \\\text { Operating income } & \$ & 144,000 \\\text { Operating assets } & \$ & 1,200,000\end{array} Anton Company has set a target return on investment (ROI) of 11% for the Electronics Division. The Electronic Division's turnover (asset utilization) is:


A) 0.1125.
B) 0.12.
C) 0.667.
D) 0.18.

E) A) and D)
F) C) and D)

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Marcy is plant manager for Diversified Industries.She and the managers of four other plants report to the vice president in charge of manufacturing operations.Three department managers report to Marcy.Select the incorrect statement regarding the preparation of responsibility reports.


A) Marcy's responsibility report should include a detailed account of the individual items for which she is personally responsible.
B) The vice president's responsibility report would contain information for Marcy's plant rolled together with that of the other four plants.
C) Marcy's administrative costs should be included on the reports of her three department managers.
D) Marcy's responsibility report should contain only summary information about the operations of the three departments in her chain of command.

E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

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