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was offended by the brand name of a new product for women.She believes the name of the product is demeaning and that it must reflect a negative attitude of the manufacturer towards women in general.Although this may simply be the result of __________,if other women interpret the name choice the same way,there is a strong likelihood this product could fail.


A) selective retention
B) selective comprehension
C) selective exposure
D) selective analysis
E) stimulus discrimination

F) None of the above
G) B) and E)

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Clorox uses the Good Housekeeping Seal for its Fresh Step cat litter,its strategy is to reduce a consumer's __________ and encourage purchases.


A) consumer angst
B) cognitive dissonance
C) perceived risk
D) purchase anxiety
E) consumer cynicism

F) A) and D)
G) A) and C)

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personal,social,and economic significance of the purchase to the consumer that causes them to skip or minimize one or more stages in the consumer purchase decision process depends on their level of


A) aspiration.
B) cognitive dissonance.
C) motivation.
D) situational influences.
E) involvement.

F) A) and D)
G) C) and E)

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learned predisposition to respond to an object or class of objects in a consistently favorable or unfavorable way is referred to as a(n) __________.


A) attitude
B) belief
C) value
D) motivation
E) perception

F) B) and C)
G) None of the above

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Sociocultural influences,which affects the consumer purchase decision process,include all of the following EXCEPT:


A) personal influence
B) reference groups
C) family influences
D) culture and subculture
E) values, beliefs, and attitudes

F) D) and E)
G) C) and E)

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the VALS framework,consumers motivated by ideals are guided by knowledge and principle.__________ choose familiar products and brands,favor American-made products,and are generally brand loyal.


A) Believers
B) Thinkers
C) Makers
D) Experiencers
E) Achievers

F) All of the above
G) None of the above

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Would you agree or disagree with the following statement: "It's a lot cheaper and easier to keep existing customers than to try to find new ones." Explain your answer.

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Students should agree.Firms have begun t...

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Dutch tulip growers have developed pre-sprouted bulbs,which will bloom in consumers' gardens just a few weeks after spring planting so people who didn't or couldn't plant bulbs in the fall will have spring flowers.Nurseries plan to promote the pre-sprouted tulips to people who appreciate "finer things" and will pay the premium price.Which of the following VALS segments would be most suitable for this product?


A) Survivors
B) Believers
C) Makers
D) Innovators
E) Experiencers

F) A) and B)
G) None of the above

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the VALS framework,consumers can have abundant or minimal level of psychological,physical,and material resources.One segment with minimal resources,known as __________,focuses on meeting basic needs (safety and security) rather than fulfilling desires.


A) Thinkers
B) Innovators
C) Makers
D) Survivors
E) Strivers

F) C) and E)
G) A) and D)

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the VALS framework,consumers who place importance on image-not as evidence of power or status,but as an expression of cultivated tastes,independence,and character-are referred to as __________.


A) Actualizers
B) Innovators
C) Achievers
D) Makers
E) Strivers

F) C) and D)
G) A) and E)

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Which of following statements is NOT true about attitudes?


A) Marketers are primarily concerned with American core values when developing advertising messages.
B) Attitudes are learned.
C) Attitudes are shaped by one's values and beliefs.
D) An attitude is a learned predisposition to respond to an object or class of objects in a consistently favorable or unfavorable way.
E) Personal values affect attitudes by influencing the importance assigned to specific product attributes.

F) B) and E)
G) A) and B)

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back of a box of Hinode Harvest Blend rice mix suggests cooking with chicken broth for added flavor.This is an example of


A) using a behavioral learning technique.
B) reducing perceived risk.
C) create stimulus generalization.
D) using a cognitive learning technique.
E) using an attitudinal learning technique.

F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

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the VALS framework,consumers who favor established,prestige products and services and are interested in time-saving devices given their hectic schedules are called


A) Thinkers.
B) Believers.
C) Strivers.
D) Experiencers.
E) Achievers.

F) C) and D)
G) B) and C)

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the VALS framework,consumers with the least resources of any segment represent a modest market for most products and services,are loyal to favorite brands,especially if they can be purchased at a discount,and are referred to as __________.


A) Strivers
B) Believers
C) Survivors
D) Makers
E) Thinkers

F) B) and D)
G) A) and D)

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Sophisticated firms have learned the marketing lesson that


A) it is a lot easier to find new customers than to retain existing ones.
B) according to research, it is equally costly to acquire new customers as it is to retain existing ones.
C) existing customers do not spend as much as new customers since that latter like the old products rather than the new ones new customers like.
D) the buying experience, customer satisfaction, and retention can increase firm profits.
E) unless a marketing promotion to retain customer loyalty can increase market share by at least 5 percent, it is not worth the expenditure.

F) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

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__________ in the consumer purchase decision process occurs when consumers scan their memory for previous experiences with products or brands.


A) problem recognition
B) internal search
C) external search
D) purchase task
E) antecedent state

F) B) and E)
G) C) and E)

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Which of the following statements about Asian American buying patterns is most accurate?


A) There is no real diversity among Asian American subcultures.
B) Assimilated Asian Americans exhibit buying patterns that are very different from the typical American consumer.
C) Because McDonald's standardizes its products across all cultures, it does not actively market to Asian Americans.
D) The Asian American subculture is the most entrepreneurial in the United States.
E) Consumer research on Asian Americans suggests individuals and families divide into three groups-assimilated, non-assimilated, and recent immigrants.

F) A) and D)
G) A) and C)

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Among the three racial/ethnic subcultures in the United States,African Americans rank __________ in terms of spending power.


A) largest
B) second largest
C) third largest
D) equal with Hispanics
E) equal with Asian Americans

F) A) and D)
G) A) and E)

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of the following are challenges that Groupon faces EXCEPT:


A) The goal of Groupon and its business partners is to have Groupon users become repeat purchasers.
B) Groupon faces an extraordinary level of competition because the daily deal technology is easy to copy.
C) Most of the Groupon deals are profitable for the merchants because their profitability is based on volume sales and not the profit margin of a single sale.
D) Some consumers buy the coupons but never use them, eventually leaving them dissatisfied and unlikely to use Groupon again.
E) Groupon must develop a comprehensive understanding of the differences in international buying behaviors to continue its explosive growth outside the United States.

F) C) and D)
G) B) and E)

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Involvement refers to


A) the external influences that affect a consumer's purchase.
B) the personal, social, and economic significance of the purchase to the consumer.
C) the level of difficulty involved in making a purchase.
D) the total number of people involved in the actual exchange process.
E) the time, energy, and personal investment that will be required to use a product.

F) C) and D)
G) None of the above

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