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Charging different prices to maximize revenue for a set amount of capacity at any given time is referred to as


A) demand backward pricing.
B) target pricing.
C) skimming pricing.
D) yield management pricing.
E) penetration pricing.

F) B) and D)
G) C) and D)

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Manufacturers use seasonal discounts to


A) get rid of expired merchandise.
B) prevent retailers from purchasing competitors' products.
C) extend the peak seasonal selling season.
D) encourage buyers to stock inventory earlier than their normal demand would require.
E) temporarily spur primary demand during periods of soft sales, such as the beginning of a month, after which prices will return to normal when selective demand picks up.

F) C) and D)
G) B) and C)

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penetration pricing policy is MOST LIKELY to be effective when: (1) __________; (2) unit production and marketing costs fall dramatically as production volume increases; and (3) many segments of the market are price sensitive.


A) lowering the price has only a minor effect on increasing sales volume and reducing unit costs
B) the high initial prices do not attract competitors
C) customers interpret high prices as signifying high quality
D) customers are willing to buy immediately at the high initial price
E) a low initial price discourages competitors from entering the market

F) B) and C)
G) B) and D)

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Advertising such as "Retail Value $100,Our Price $85" is deceptive if


A) a verified and substantial number of stores in the market area did not price the item at $100.
B) even one store in that retail chain did not price the item at $100.
C) a competitor is selling the same item for $75 on sale and their normal price is only $85.
D) there is not enough product on hand at that price to satisfy the needs of the store's regular customer traffic.
E) the markup on the original price is more than 200 percent.

F) D) and E)
G) All of the above

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of the following are cost-oriented approaches to select an approximate price level EXCEPT:


A) cost-plus fixed-fee pricing.
B) standard markup pricing.
C) yield management.
D) experience curve pricing.
E) cost-plus percentage-of-cost pricing.

F) C) and D)
G) A) and C)

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of the following are demand-oriented approaches to selecting an approximate price level EXCEPT:


A) odd-even.
B) yield management.
C) customary.
D) bundle.
E) prestige.

F) C) and D)
G) A) and E)

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  Figure 14-1 -Figure 14-1 above represents the six steps in the price-setting process.Which letter represents the step where a firm would establish a one price or flexible price policy? A)   A  B)   F  C)   C  D)   E  E)   D Figure 14-1 -Figure 14-1 above represents the six steps in the price-setting process.Which letter represents the step where a firm would establish a one price or flexible price policy?


A) "A"
B) "F"
C) "C"
D) "E"
E) "D"

F) All of the above
G) A) and B)

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  Price Premium Marketing Dashboard -Price Premium Marketing Dashboard above shows the dollar and unit market shares for selected energy drinks.What is the price premium for Red Bull in 2010? A)  -12.5% B)  -7.5% C)  -5.3% D)  0% E)  15.2% Price Premium Marketing Dashboard -Price Premium Marketing Dashboard above shows the dollar and unit market shares for selected energy drinks.What is the price premium for Red Bull in 2010?


A) -12.5%
B) -7.5%
C) -5.3%
D) 0%
E) 15.2%

F) D) and E)
G) All of the above

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Wrigley recently introduced a new flavor of Orbit brand sugar free chewing gum-mint mojito.The introductory price was low so that it quickly created loyal customers for the flavor.In this example,Wrigley used


A) skimming pricing.
B) penetration pricing.
C) price lining.
D) odd-even pricing.
E) loss-leader pricing.

F) A) and B)
G) A) and E)

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Different brands within a company's product line generally have different profit margins; for example,items with higher price lines have higher profit margins.Nike Variety tennis shoes have variable costs of $6 and sell for $24,whereas Nike Wimbledon tennis shoes have variable costs of $38 and sell for $48,but when fixed overhead is added,the shoe is unprofitable by $2 per pair.Which statement is most accurate regarding Nike's pricing approach with these two product lines?


A) Demand for each shoe line is unrelated to price.
B) Nike is using a cost-plus percentage-of-cost pricing strategy.
C) Nike is using a product-line pricing strategy.
D) Demand for each shoe line is unrelated to product quality.
E) Consumers do not use price as an indication of quality.

F) A) and B)
G) All of the above

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pricing method where a supplier is reimbursed for all costs,regardless of what they may be,and is allowed a fixed fee as profit that is independent of the final cost of the project is referred to as


A) target return on investment pricing.
B) cost-plus percentage-of-cost pricing.
C) target return on sales pricing.
D) experience curve pricing.
E) cost-plus fixed-fee pricing.

F) D) and E)
G) C) and D)

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successive price cutting by competitors to increase or maintain their unit sales or market share is referred to as


A) everyday low pricing.
B) a price war.
C) fair trade pricing.
D) a market war.
E) a price reduction.

F) B) and D)
G) C) and E)

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  Geographical Pricing Map B -According to the Geographical Pricing Map B above,if the plant in Denver ships its products to all of the identified cities at different prices based on distance as indicated by the color-coded regions,it is most likely using which type of pricing? A)  FOB origin pricing B)  multiple-zone pricing C)  single-zone pricing D)  FOB destination pricing E)  basing-point pricing Geographical Pricing Map B -According to the Geographical Pricing Map B above,if the plant in Denver ships its products to all of the identified cities at different prices based on distance as indicated by the color-coded regions,it is most likely using which type of pricing?


A) FOB origin pricing
B) multiple-zone pricing
C) single-zone pricing
D) FOB destination pricing
E) basing-point pricing

F) A) and D)
G) A) and B)

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Another name for a one-price policy is


A) customary pricing.
B) fixed pricing.
C) flexible pricing.
D) standard markup pricing.
E) uniform pricing.

F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

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method of pricing where the price the seller quotes includes only the cost of loading the product onto the vehicle and specifies the name of the location where the loading is to occur is referred to as


A) FOB origin pricing.
B) FOB destination pricing.
C) geographical allowance.
D) uniform delivered pricing.
E) mode of transportation pricing.

F) A) and C)
G) A) and B)

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Which pricing approach complements the demand-oriented pricing strategy of skimming followed by penetration pricing?


A) cost-plus percentage-of-cost pricing
B) cost-plus fixed-fee pricing
C) standard markup pricing
D) derived demand pricing
E) experience curve pricing

F) A) and E)
G) B) and D)

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  Figure 14-1 -According to Figure 14-1 above, F  represents which step in the price-setting process? A)  set list or quoted price B)  select an approximate price level C)  scan competitors for prices of similar products or services D)  make special adjustments to list or quoted price E)  identify pricing objectives and constraints Figure 14-1 -According to Figure 14-1 above,"F" represents which step in the price-setting process?


A) set list or quoted price
B) select an approximate price level
C) scan competitors for prices of similar products or services
D) make special adjustments to list or quoted price
E) identify pricing objectives and constraints

F) A) and B)
G) D) and E)

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purpose of a cash discount is to


A) reward retailers for making large quantity purchases.
B) encourage purchasing items during periods of low demand.
C) prevent competitors from obtaining shelf space.
D) counteract the introduction of a new product by a competitor.
E) encourage retailers to pay their bills promptly.

F) C) and D)
G) B) and E)

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penetration pricing policy is MOST LIKELY to be effective when


A) lowering the price has only a minor effect on increasing sales volume and reducing unit costs.
B) the high initial prices do not attract competitors.
C) a low initial price discourages competitors from entering the market.
D) customers interpret high price as signifying high quality.
E) customers are willing to buy immediately at the high initial price.

F) B) and D)
G) A) and E)

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Standard markup pricing refers to


A) adjusting the price of a product so it is "in line" with that of its largest competitor.
B) setting the price of a line of products at a number of different price points.
C) setting prices to achieve a profit that is a specified percentage of the sales volume.
D) increasing the price slightly to protect against undue profit losses from unforeseen environmental forces.
E) adding a fixed percentage to the cost of all items in a specific product class.

F) B) and E)
G) B) and D)

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