Question 1

The difference between phyletic gradualism and punctuated equilibrium is that

Accepted Answer

A)   Phyletic gradualism can only happen with eukaryotes and punctuated equilibrium happens with prokaryotes.
B)   Punctuated equilibrium shows speciation in a relatively short time while phyletic gradualism shows speciation as changes accumulate over vast periods of time.
C)   Phyletic gradualism shows speciation in a relatively short time while punctuated equilibrium shows speciation as changes accumulate over vast periods of time.
D)   Phyletic gradualism shows in the fossil record and punctuated equilibrium does not.
E)   There is no difference between Punctuated equilibrium and Phyletic gradualism.F) A) and E)
G) D) and E)

Question 2

Phylogeny refers to the

Accepted Answer

A)   development of an organism.
B)   evolutionary history of a species.
C)   taxonomic hierarchies of cladistics.
D)   reproductive isolation of species.
E)   relatedness of species.F) A) and D)
G) A) and C)

Question 3

If the frequency of the dominant gene is 0.7,what is the frequency of the recessive gene?

Accepted Answer

A)   also 0.7
B)   0.49 or (0.07) 2
C)   approximately 0.27 (square root of 0.7) 
D)   0.3 (or 1.00 - 0.7) 
E)   0.14F) All of the above
G) None of the above

Question 4

Transitional forms are seen in the fossil record that link all of these groups EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)   birds and reptiles.
B)   reptiles and amphibians.
C)   fish and amphibians.
D)   mammals and birds.
E)   mammals and reptiles.F) C) and D)
G) B) and C)

Question 5

A student proposes that left-handedness is a recessive trait that is therefore hidden in much of the human population.A survey of a class of 36 students finds that 27 (0.75) are right-handed and 9 (0.25) are left-handed.Using the Hardy-Weinberg formula,what would the expected genotype and allele frequencies be in this theoretical population?

Accepted Answer

A)   0.75 right-handed homozygous dominant and 0.25 recessive homozygous for 3-to-1 right-to-left handed alleles in the population
B)   0.25 right-handed homozygous, 0.50 heterozygous, and 0.25 recessive homozygous for a 3-to-1 right-to-left handed alleles in the population
C)   0.25 right-handed homozygous, 0.50 heterozygous, and 0.25 recessive homozygous for a 0.5 allele frequency for each allele
D)   0.50 right-handed homozygous, 0.25 heterozygous, and 0.25 recessive homozygous for a 0.5 allele frequency for each allele
E)   They cannot be estimated using these limited dataF) A) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 6

Which statement is NOT true about the maintenance of variation in a population?

Accepted Answer

A)   Selection for adaptation to a particular environment ensures that the population will become stronger and more viable under any conditions.
B)   Only phenotypes are acted on by selection, so heterozygotes serve as a reservoir of recessive alleles that may be adaptive in a different environment.
C)   Heterozygote superiority may lead to selection for the heterozygote above either homozygote.
D)   Variation is maintained through mutation, recombination, gene flow, and changed conditions.
E)   Variations allow for the presence of conditions such as sickle cell anemia.F) C) and D)
G) D) and E)

Question 7

Phylogenetics uses evolutionary trees called cladograms to arrange species into clades,or related groups,showing all of the descendents of a common ancestor.The branches of the tree are based on all but which of the following

Accepted Answer

A)   Shared derived characteristics
B)   Convergent evolution
C)   Homologous structures
D)   Morphological data
E)   DNA sequencesF) A) and D)
G) D) and E)

Question 8

What is the correct order of the steps regarding speciation?

Accepted Answer

A)   geographic isolation  →\rarr→  one species  →\rarr→  reproductive isolation  →\rarr→  two species
B)   two species  →\rarr→  geographic isolation  →\rarr→  one species  →\rarr→  reproductive isolation
C)   one species  →\rarr→  geographic isolation  →\rarr→  reproductive isolation  →\rarr→  two species
D)   reproductive isolation  →\rarr→  one species  →\rarr→  reproductive isolation  →\rarr→  two species
E)   reproductive isolation  →\rarr→  two species  →\rarr→  reproductive isolation  →\rarr→ one species F) B) and E)
G) B) and D)

Question 9

Africa,Asia,South America,and Antarctica share some patterns of primitive (fossil) plants and early reptiles,but do not have similar mammal populations.This therefore

Accepted Answer

A)   casts serious doubts upon the theory of continental drift and fused land masses.
B)   is an unsolved puzzle probably due to the random nature of biological evolution.
C)   suggests that a pattern of land bridges existed at different times in geological history.
D)   suggests that the earlier plants and reptiles evolved while continents were joined but mammals radiated into diverse groups after separation.
E)   suggests that the mammals evolved earlier while continents were joined but plants and reptiles radiated into diverse groups after separation.F) B) and D)
G) A) and C)

Question 10

There are two species of larkspur that have two different size flowers; Delphinium decorum has large fully opened flowers and Delphinium nudicaule which has small bud like flowers.These two species are both fertilized by insects but they cannot be fertilized by the same type of insect because the smaller flower of D.nudicaule will not permit larger insects to reach the nectar of the flower and the larger flower of the D.decorum is typically fed on by larger insects.Which type of isolating mechanism would this be?

Accepted Answer

A)  Postzygotic Isolation
B)  Temporal Isolation
C)  Behavioral Isolation
D)  Habitat Isolation
E)  Mechanical IsolationF) None of the above
G) A) and B)

Question 11

Name the isolating mechanisms that exist within nature and indicate which ones are prezygotic and which ones are postzygotic.

Accepted Answer

Prezygotic: habitat isolation,...

Question 12

Consider that the rock outcrops at the surface of the land in your neighborhood are Permian.What would be true if you dig downward?

Accepted Answer

A)   You may find dinosaur fossils below.
B)   You may find fossils of first flowers.
C)   The Mesozoic layers will be present underneath.
D)   A road cut in your area would reveal exactly the same species of fossils as a road cut through a Permian layer in Asia.
E)   You may find fossils of the first reptiles or jawed fishes below.F) A) and B)
G) B) and E)

Question 13

If the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium is met,what is the net effect?

Accepted Answer

A)   evolution leading to a population better adapted to an unchanging environment
B)   evolution leading to a population better adapted to a changing environment
C)   very slow and continuous evolution with no increased adaptation
D)   no evolution because the alleles in the population remain the same
E)   no evolution because the alleles in the population will changeF) All of the above
G) A) and D)

Question 14

Mass extinctions

Accepted Answer

A)   are the result of humans damaging the natural environment.
B)   are the result of humans exploiting wildlife and using pesticides.
C)   occurred in cycles when organisms fail to evolve.
D)   have occurred about 4 or 5 times in fossil record, due in some cases to catastrophic changes.
E)   require life to evolve again from protocells.F) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 15

All living organisms share characteristics such as: DNA,the molecule that passes information between generations,metabolic processes like glycolysis and the ability to utilize specific energy sources.This is thought to be due to

Accepted Answer

A)   Biological evolution
B)   Limited environmental stimuli
C)   The presents of transitional forms
D)   Postzygotic isolation
E)   Prezygotic isolationF) A) and E)
G) B) and D)

Question 16

The Amish of Lancaster,PA.have a higher frequency of an unusual form of dwarfism than the population at large.This is probably due to

Accepted Answer

A)   natural selection.
B)   a bottleneck effect.
C)   a founder effect.
D)   vestigial structures.
E)   industrial melanism.F) A) and B)
G) A) and E)

Question 17

Which of the following would NOT result in reproductive isolation?

Accepted Answer

A)   Snakes found in one state are genetically identical to snakes found in a neighboring state.
B)   Fruit flies on one Hawaiian island live for hundreds of generations and do not come in contact with fruit flies on another island except when blown there by rare tropical storms.
C)   One brood of the seventeen-year cicada emerged in 1987 (and will do so every 17 years)  and lives a few months as adults; another brood emerged in 1992 (and will do so every 17 years) ; the larvae of both feed side-by-side on tree roots.
D)   A lion and a tiger mate in the artificial confines of a zoo but the offspring is infertile.
E)   Two populations of crickets are indistinguishable in physical features but the females in each group only come to the different songs of their males.F) B) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 18

The position of mammals in evolution is best described as

Accepted Answer

A)   they dominate life in the sea.
B)   they were among the first animals to live on land and their variety outstrips all living things known.
C)   they arose from mammal-like reptiles in the Triassic but remained small and insignificant while dinosaurs dominated the land.
D)   mammals gave rise to birds.
E)   mammals have been present since plants and other organisms first appeared on land.F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 19

If a population goes from an allele frequency of 0.12 A & 0.88 a to 0.23 A & 0.77 a in the course of 7 generations we can conclude that it is evolving.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Which type of natural selection occurs when an intermediate phenotype is favored?

Accepted Answer

A)   disruptive selection
B)   directional selection
C)   stabilizing selection
D)   genetic drift selection
E)   adaptive radiationF) All of the above
G) A) and B)

Exam 27: Evolution of Life

The difference between phyletic gradualism and punctuated equilibrium is that

Correct Answer
verified

If the frequency of the dominant gene is 0.7,what is the frequency of the recessive gene?

Correct Answer
verified

If a population goes from an allele frequency of 0.12 A & 0.88 a to 0.23 A & 0.77 a in the course of 7 generations we can conclude that it is evolving.

Correct Answer
verified

Mass extinctions

Correct Answer
verified

Africa,Asia,South America,and Antarctica share some patterns of primitive (fossil) plants and early reptiles,but do not have similar mammal populations.This therefore

Correct Answer
verified

Transitional forms are seen in the fossil record that link all of these groups EXCEPT

Correct Answer
verified

Name the isolating mechanisms that exist within nature and indicate which ones are prezygotic and which ones are postzygotic.

Correct Answer
verified
Prezygotic: habitat isolation,...
View Answer

If the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium is met,what is the net effect?

Correct Answer
verified

The Amish of Lancaster,PA.have a higher frequency of an unusual form of dwarfism than the population at large.This is probably due to

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Phylogeny refers to the

Correct Answer
verified

Which type of natural selection occurs when an intermediate phenotype is favored?

Correct Answer
verified

Which statement is NOT true about the maintenance of variation in a population?

Correct Answer
verified

What is the correct order of the steps regarding speciation?

Correct Answer
verified

Phylogenetics uses evolutionary trees called cladograms to arrange species into clades,or related groups,showing all of the descendents of a common ancestor.The branches of the tree are based on all but which of the following

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

All living organisms share characteristics such as: DNA,the molecule that passes information between generations,metabolic processes like glycolysis and the ability to utilize specific energy sources.This is thought to be due to

Correct Answer
verified

The position of mammals in evolution is best described as

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following would NOT result in reproductive isolation?

Correct Answer
verified

Consider that the rock outcrops at the surface of the land in your neighborhood are Permian.What would be true if you dig downward?

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 27: Evolution of Life

The difference between phyletic gradualism and punctuated equilibrium is that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If the frequency of the dominant gene is 0.7,what is the frequency of the recessive gene?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If a population goes from an allele frequency of 0.12 A & 0.88 a to 0.23 A & 0.77 a in the course of 7 generations we can conclude that it is evolving.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Mass extinctions

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Africa,Asia,South America,and Antarctica share some patterns of primitive (fossil) plants and early reptiles,but do not have similar mammal populations.This therefore

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Transitional forms are seen in the fossil record that link all of these groups EXCEPT

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Name the isolating mechanisms that exist within nature and indicate which ones are prezygotic and which ones are postzygotic.

Correct AnswerverifiedPrezygotic: habitat isolation,...View AnswerShow Answer

If the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium is met,what is the net effect?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The Amish of Lancaster,PA.have a higher frequency of an unusual form of dwarfism than the population at large.This is probably due to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Phylogeny refers to the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which type of natural selection occurs when an intermediate phenotype is favored?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which statement is NOT true about the maintenance of variation in a population?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the correct order of the steps regarding speciation?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Phylogenetics uses evolutionary trees called cladograms to arrange species into clades,or related groups,showing all of the descendents of a common ancestor.The branches of the tree are based on all but which of the following

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

All living organisms share characteristics such as: DNA,the molecule that passes information between generations,metabolic processes like glycolysis and the ability to utilize specific energy sources.This is thought to be due to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The position of mammals in evolution is best described as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following would NOT result in reproductive isolation?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Consider that the rock outcrops at the surface of the land in your neighborhood are Permian.What would be true if you dig downward?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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Prezygotic: habitat isolation,...
View Answer

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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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