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When Coca-Cola promoted Coke as a morning beverage for those consumers who don't drink coffee, it used a __________ strategy.


A) product modification
B) brand modification
C) market-product extension
D) diversification
E) market modification

F) C) and E)
G) A) and E)

Correct Answer

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DiGiorno rising crust pizza has been available in the freezer sections of supermarkets for quite a while. The product's recent introduction of a DiGiorno cheese-stuffed crust to its line of pizzas is an example of __________.


A) a market-product grid
B) diversification
C) market modification
D) product class extension
E) product modification

F) B) and E)
G) D) and E)

Correct Answer

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Multiproduct branding refers to a branding strategy __________.


A) that involves giving each product a distinct name when each brand is intended for a different market segment
B) that uses different brand names for the same product across multiple countries
C) in which a company uses one name for all its products in a product class
D) in which manufacturers produce products but sell them under the brand name of a wholesaler or retailer
E) in which a company uses a contractual agreement to allow someone else to use its brand name for a fee

F) D) and E)
G) B) and C)

Correct Answer

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Johnson & Johnson effectively __________ St. Joseph Aspirin from a product for infants to one targeted at adults who may need a low-strength aspirin designed to reduce the risk of heart attacks or strokes.


A) reinvented
B) resurrected
C) reconfigured
D) repositioned
E) realigned

F) B) and D)
G) B) and C)

Correct Answer

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Which of the following statements regarding the maturity stage of the product life cycle is most accurate?


A) Technological forces often push a product from the introduction stage to the maturity stage.
B) During the maturity stage, companies add more distribution outlets to maximize target market coverage.
C) Sales increase at a decreasing rate as fewer new buyers enter the market.
D) Industry profits peak because production and distribution costs are declining.
E) Total industry profits exceed total industry sales.

F) A) and B)
G) D) and E)

Correct Answer

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One of the primary benefits of branding for consumers is that branding __________.


A) identifies products of highest quality
B) guarantees lowest prices
C) makes decision making easier for consumers
D) indicates that products have more features
E) makes advertising unnecessary

F) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

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Trading up refers to __________.


A) adding product features but reducing the price
B) changing the distribution channel members to higher-service-quality retailers
C) adding value to the product (or line) through additional features or higher-quality materials
D) reallocating marketing resources from a performing-poorly target market to one that demonstrates greater potential for future growth
E) offering consumers a discount when they purchase a more expensive version of the product

F) B) and D)
G) C) and E)

Correct Answer

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Johnson & Johnson effectively repositioned St. Joseph Aspirin as a product for infants to an adult low-strength aspirin to reduce the risk of heart attacks or strokes. This is an example of a product repositioning by __________.


A) reacting to a competitor's position
B) reaching a new market
C) catching a rising trend
D) changing the value offered
E) product modification

F) C) and E)
G) B) and C)

Correct Answer

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Advertising and promotion costs tend to be higher with a __________ strategy because the company must generate awareness among consumers and retailers for each new brand name without the benefit of any previous impressions.


A) co-branding
B) private branding
C) multibranding
D) multiproduct branding
E) mixed branding

F) B) and C)
G) A) and C)

Correct Answer

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Gatorade is most likely in which stage of its product life cycle?


A) introduction
B) growth
C) maturity
D) decline
E) fad

F) A) and D)
G) C) and D)

Correct Answer

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The __________ stage of the product life cycle is characterized by the slowing of total industry sales or product class revenue, causing marginal competitors to begin leaving the market.


A) decline
B) maturity
C) introduction
D) growth
E) harvest

F) A) and B)
G) C) and D)

Correct Answer

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All of the following are benefits to be stressed during the promotion of services EXCEPT:


A) low price.
B) consistent quality.
C) location.
D) availability.
E) efficiency.

F) All of the above
G) A) and D)

Correct Answer

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Packaging is defined as __________.


A) any box, bottle, jar, can, carton, or bag that can be used for transporting services
B) any container in which a product is offered for sale and on which label information is communicated
C) that part of a product that is not recycled
D) the part of the product that identifies the product or brand, who made it, where and when it was made, how it is to be used, and the contents and ingredients
E) any container used in the preservation of ideas

F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Correct Answer

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Tuition, charges, fares, fees, and rates are all terms


A) given to the tangible portion of the price of a service.
B) that are interchangeable when identifying the price of a service.
C) given to the intangible portion of the price of a service.
D) given to describe the price of services.
E) used in services to imply a higher quality product than the terms "cost" or "price."

F) C) and D)
G) B) and E)

Correct Answer

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In terms of the diffusion of innovation, innovators account for __________ of product adopters.


A) 2.5%
B) 13.5%
C) 16%
D) 34%
E) 50%

F) A) and D)
G) A) and B)

Correct Answer

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New Balance, Inc. successfully repositioned its athletic shoes to focus on fit, durability, and comfort rather than on going head-on against Nike and Adidas on fashion and professional sports. This product repositioning strategy was designed to __________.


A) react to a competitor's position
B) reach a new target market segment
C) catch a rising trend
D) change the value offered to its customers
E) accommodate its target audience preference for comfortable sneakers

F) C) and D)
G) A) and C)

Correct Answer

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The four steps in the building brand equity include: (1) developing positive brand awareness and __________; (2) establishing a brand's meaning in the minds of consumers; (3) eliciting the proper consumer responses to a brand's identity and meaning; and (4) creating an intense, active, and loyal consumer-brand connection.


A) an association of the brand in consumers' minds with a product class or need lowering the price of products
B) easing consumers' decision making
C) incorporating higher value in products
D) creating market modification

E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Correct Answer

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Mott's applesauce promotes itself as a low-fat alternative to cooking oil for baked goods. Mott's is __________.


A) finding new users through a product modification strategy
B) increasing use by existing customers through a product modification strategy
C) modifying the product characteristics
D) creating new use situations through a market modification strategy
E) demarketing the product

F) C) and D)
G) B) and D)

Correct Answer

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A product life cycle that results from products that are easily imitated by competitors, whose benefits are readily understood by consumers, and for which the appropriate marketing strategy is to broaden distribution quickly is typical for __________ products.


A) high-learning
B) fashion
C) fad
D) low-learning
E) generalized

F) A) and D)
G) D) and E)

Correct Answer

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Pez was originally sold in Europe as an adult __________.


A) breath mint
B) chewing gum
C) pain reliever
D) stop smoking patch
E) antacid

F) A) and B)
G) B) and E)

Correct Answer

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