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The world's largest manufacturer of peppermint candy canes was located in Albany,Georgia,until it could no longer afford to buy the sugar needed for its operation.It moved its manufacturing business to Mexico where there are no restrictions (like those that exist in the United States) on the amount of sugar that can be brought into the nation.The business moved to Mexico because of __________ established by the U.S.government.


A) a tariff
B) a trade imbalance
C) an excise tax
D) a subsidy
E) a quota

F) B) and E)
G) A) and C)

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What is meant by the term economic infrastructure and how can this affect a firm's plans to enter a global market?

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Economic infrastructure is a country's c...

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The practice where a translated word or phrase is retranslated into the original language by a different interpreter to catch errors is referred to as


A) locution.
B) heuristics.
C) transliteration.
D) back translation.
E) cross-cultural paraphrasing.

F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

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If you were responsible for marketing communications at a company that manufactures office supplies and had to provide product literature to be distributed in France,you would be wise to use __________,whereby you have someone translate your literature from American English into French,and then have a second fluent French speaker translate the French into American English.


A) back talk
B) back translation
C) double talk
D) double entendre
E) double indemnity

F) None of the above
G) A) and E)

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Offering the right to a trademark,patent,trade secret,or similarly valued items of intellectual property in return for a royalty or fee is referred to as


A) direct exporting.
B) indirect exporting.
C) licensing.
D) contract manufacturing.
E) outside branding.

F) A) and B)
G) C) and E)

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Which of the following statements concerning currency exchange rates is most accurate?


A) Fluctuations in exchange rates among the world's currencies are of critical importance in global marketing.
B) Fluctuations in exchange rates among the world's currencies occur, but multinational companies are insulated from the effects because of direct investment.
C) Exchange rate fluctuations are relatively rare, but when they occur, their effects are minimal.
D) Exchange rate fluctuations are now almost nonexistent due in great part to the stability of the euro.
E) Exchange rate fluctuations may affect the financial sector but rarely reach the consumer.

F) None of the above
G) A) and E)

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A global market entry strategy in which a foreign company and a local firm invest together to create a local business in order to share ownership,control,and profits of the new company is referred to as


A) licensing.
B) a joint venture.
C) direct exporting.
D) contract assembly.
E) dual adaptation.

F) A) and B)
G) C) and D)

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Play devil's advocate.Select any American industry and argue persuasively why protectionism is not only patriotic,it is absolutely essential for survival.

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A quality answer will provide at least t...

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For the marketer,a thorough __________ involves an understanding of and an appreciation for the values,customs,symbols,and language of other societies.


A) market synthesis
B) international sociographic study
C) anthropological examination
D) cross-cultural analysis
E) ethnocentrism assessment

F) C) and E)
G) A) and D)

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The European Union is an economic and political union of __________ member countries that have eliminated most barriers to the free flow of products,services,capital,and labor across their borders.


A) 17
B) 20
C) 28
D) 30
E) 37

F) C) and E)
G) A) and D)

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Direct exporting refers to


A) offering the right to a trademark, patent, trade secret, or similarly valued items of intellectual property in return for a royalty or fee.
B) contracting with a foreign firm to manufacture products according to certain specifications.
C) a foreign country and a local firm investing together to create a local business.
D) using additional parties when a firm sells its domestically produced goods in another country.
E) a firm selling its domestically produced goods in a foreign country without intermediaries.

F) A) and E)
G) None of the above

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U.S.appliance manufacturers find that different customs about shopping must be used to determine local product design.For instance,people in Northern Europe shop only once a week,so they need bigger refrigerators than Southern Europeans,who shop daily.Furthermore,Northern Europeans insist that freezers should be on the top just as firmly as Southern Europeans want them on the bottom.Based on this,U.S.appliance manufacturers would more likely be successful if they used __________ marketing strategy.


A) a global
B) a multidomestic
C) a transnational
D) a meganational
E) an international

F) B) and C)
G) A) and E)

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Why has Amazon been aggressively pursuing the Indian market since 2013?


A) U.S. sales had begun to decrease.
B) Amazon believed it would be inexpensive to begin operations in India.
C) There was no competition to speak of for Amazon's e-commerce channel in India.
D) There were fewer restrictions in retailing in India.
E) The India market offered significant growth potential.

F) A) and E)
G) All of the above

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Global consumers refers to


A) all potential consumers for any and all products or services regardless of cultural, ethnic, or national origins.
B) customers within a nation who consider the entire world a single marketplace.
C) consumer groups living in many countries or regions of the world who have similar needs or seek similar features and benefits from products or services.
D) consumer groups living in many countries or regions of the world that have similar needs but seek customized features and benefits from products or services that reflect their individual cultures.
E) multinational organizations whose products incorporate raw materials, assembly, and distribution contributions from multiple nations before they are marketed.

F) B) and C)
G) B) and D)

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Values refer to


A) personally or socially held core beliefs that are consistent within a given culture.
B) the beliefs that dictate a person's behavior, which are often derived from a religious code of conduct.
C) personally or socially preferable modes of conduct or states of existence that tend to persist over time.
D) the innate sense of what a person considers to be right or wrong in terms of his or her own conduct when dealing with others.
E) those personality traits regarding honesty and integrity that have been passed down from generation to generation.

F) A) and D)
G) None of the above

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Gross domestic product refers to


A) the monetary value of all products and services produced by a single manufacturer during one year.
B) the monetary value of all domestic exports of a nation during one year.
C) the monetary value of all products and services produced in a country during one year.
D) the monetary value of all domestic imports of a nation during one year.
E) the difference between all domestic exports and imports for any nation during the course of one fiscal year.

F) B) and D)
G) C) and D)

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A thorough cross-cultural analysis involves an understanding of and an appreciation of all of the following except which?


A) economics
B) symbols
C) values
D) languages
E) customs

F) C) and D)
G) A) and C)

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Since 1963,the guiding principle of Mary Kay,Inc.,has been based on


A) the Consumer Bill of Rights.
B) the Golden Rule.
C) caveat emptor.
D) the American Marketing Association Statement of Ethics.
E) maximizing profits so long as the firm stays within the rules.

F) D) and E)
G) C) and E)

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Recently,the Japanese government,under pressure from its domestic farm lobby,slapped government taxes on mushrooms,leeks,and the reeds used in tatami mats that were being imported from China.These taxes Japan levied are referred to as


A) WTO taxes.
B) quotas.
C) tariffs.
D) excise taxes.
E) subsidies.

F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

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Five trends in the past decade have significantly influenced the landscape of global marketing.One of them is


A) the emergence of a networked global marketspace.
B) an increase in economic protectionism and a decline in free trade.
C) a more aggressive attitude toward initiating international tariffs and quota systems.
D) a sharp decline in economic espionage.
E) a gradual dissolution of unpopular trade agreements.

F) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

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