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A malignant tumour is different from a benign tumour in that a malignant tumour is


A) less of a threat to the patient.
B) capable of invading surrounding structures.
C) dangerous only if its physical presence interferes with bodily functions.
D) enclosed in a membrane.

E) A) and D)
F) A) and B)

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Which of the following poses the greatest threat for the development of lung cancer among nonsmokers?


A) inactivity
B) sun exposure
C) high-fat diet
D) exposure to environmental tobacco smoke

E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

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Oral cancers are primarily the result of tobacco and alcohol use.

A) True
B) False

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Use of tanning lamps is not linked to skin cancer because tanning lamps emit a safe form of UV radiation.

A) True
B) False

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Explain the difference between a benign tumour and a malignant tumour;include a description of metastasis in your answer.Finally,provide an example of one of the four classes of malignant tumours-list the type of cells that gives rise to it and where on the body it may cause cancer.

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A physician who specializes in the study of tumours is known as a(n)


A) pediatrician.
B) surgeon.
C) internist.
D) oncologist.

E) A) and C)
F) All of the above

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Cigarette smoke is a complete carcinogen because it acts as both an initiator and a promoter.

A) True
B) False

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Pete has an outdoor job and is frequently out in the sun for an entire day.List five strategies that can help Pete avoid skin damage and skin cancer.

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1. Wear protective clothing: Pete should...

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Carotenoids include all of the following,EXCEPT:


A) beta-carotene
B) xanthin
C) lutein
D) lycopene

E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

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Diet can be a key risk factor for cancer.Describe three general dietary strategies for cancer prevention,and then list eight foods that would be good anti-cancer dietary choices.

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Three general dietary strategies for can...

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Smoking is responsible for about ___________ of ALL cancer deaths.


A) 10 percent
B) 20 percent
C) 30 percent
D) 40 percent

E) None of the above
F) All of the above

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The group is tentatively planning to have a noon lunch on the lakeshore beach.To protect her skin at lunchtime,Jen's best strategy would be to


A) change the plan so that the group has lunch at a shaded picnic table and dinner on the beach.
B) eat under a beach umbrella to protect herself from the sun's rays.
C) not worry,since the high altitude of the lake means the sun's rays are less intense.
D) go swimming for most of the lunch break because the water will protect her from UV rays.

E) All of the above
F) B) and C)

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Risk factors for breast cancer include all of the following,EXCEPT


A) genetic factors.
B) diet.
C) hormonal factors.
D) previous injury to the breast.

E) B) and C)
F) B) and D)

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Leukemia is a tumour in the blood.

A) True
B) False

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Smoking is the key risk factor for bladder cancer.

A) True
B) False

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Jen should do all of the following before leaving for the hike,EXCEPT


A) buy or borrow a broad-brimmed hat.
B) consult the forecast for UV index to help determine how sunny it will be.
C) visit a tanning salon to get a light tan to protect her skin.
D) pack a full bottle of sunscreen in her backpack.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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List the seven major warning signs of cancer.

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The seven major warning signs of cancer ...

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Which of the following statements about leukemia is TRUE?


A) Leukemia produces tumours.
B) Leukemia cells are considered malignant.
C) Leukemia cells are benign.
D) Leukemia is not considered cancer.

E) C) and D)
F) All of the above

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What do obesity and alcohol use have in common that increases breast cancer risk?


A) They increase glucose levels in the blood.
B) They increase estrogen levels in the blood.
C) They raise LDL cholesterol.
D) They slow the rate of cell growth.

E) A) and D)
F) B) and D)

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Major sites of carcinomas include all of the following,EXCEPT:


A) skin.
B) breast.
C) uterus.
D) bone.

E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

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