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As the annual marketing effort increases in a sales response function graph, so does the resulting annual sales revenue, which is


A) plotted on the vertical (Y) axis.
B) plotted on the horizontal (S) axis.
C) plotted on the vertical (Z) axis.
D) the center point.
E) plotted on the horizontal (X) axis.

F) C) and D)
G) A) and B)

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All of the following are ways a marketing manager can improve the implementation of a marketing program except


A) reward successful implementation.
B) communicate goals and the means to achieve them.
C) schedule precise tasks, responsibilities, and deadlines.
D) avoid paralysis by analysis.
E) find the right person to develop the plans.

F) None of the above
G) A) and D)

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The marketing manager looks for two kinds of deviations, each triggering a different kind of action: (1) __________ and (2) actual results fall short of goals.


A) deviations that result from major shifts in customer needs
B) actual results exceed goals
C) there are no deviations but there should be
D) deviations that result from executive mandates
E) deviations that are blamed on insufficient marketing support (personnel or funding)

F) A) and E)
G) A) and B)

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Economists would most likely recommend that marketing managers allocate the firm's marketing resources to the markets and products where


A) the firm has its greatest sales.
B) an SBU is considered a cash cow.
C) there is the greatest current market share and the fastest industry growth rate.
D) the excess of incremental revenues over incremental costs is greatest.
E) total revenue equals total cost.

F) B) and D)
G) A) and B)

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Which of the following information is used in the evaluation phase of the strategic marketing process?


A) marketing return on investment
B) tracking reports to measure results
C) revenues associated with each point of market share
D) trends for industry and competitors
E) possible cannibalization effects on other products in the line

F) A) and C)
G) None of the above

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A recent survey showed that firms used two different kinds of metrics when measuring results and measuring efforts that go into new-product development. These consist of output and input metrics. Which of the following is an output metric?


A) number of ideas or concepts in the pipeline
B) R&D spending as a percentage of sales
C) return on assets (ROA) for existing products or services
D) customer satisfaction with new products or services
E) number of R&D projects

F) B) and D)
G) None of the above

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Managers who have the authority and responsibility to issue orders to people who report to them are referred to as


A) executive marketing officers.
B) staff positions.
C) stakeholders.
D) line positions.
E) program champions.

F) All of the above
G) None of the above

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Loving Care Pets manufactures dog food specifically created for puppies under three months of age. In terms of the market-product grid framework, Loving Care Pets is a small firm without sustainable comparative advantages in marketing or production efficiencies. Loving Care Pets is using a __________ strategy.


A) market-product concentration
B) market specialization
C) product specialization
D) selective specialization
E) full coverage

F) C) and E)
G) C) and D)

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Edwin H. Land, former CEO of Polaroid, took personal responsibility for technological innovation at Polaroid. On the other hand, Lewis Platt, CEO of Hewlett-Packard, believed senior management's role was to create an environment that encourages all managers to take risks and create new growth opportunities. Which of the following statements describes the actions of these men?


A) Both Land and Platt were program champions.
B) Platt was a program champion and Land was not.
C) Land was a program champion and Platt was not.
D) Neither Platt nor Land was a program champion.
E) Land believed in encouraging others to act as program champions and Platt did not.

F) C) and E)
G) B) and D)

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What is the primary disadvantage of employing a market specialization strategy?


A) Gaining market distribution will be costly.
B) The organization may be spread too thin.
C) The organization achieves neither marketing nor manufacturing synergies.
D) R&D-manufacturing has the difficulty of producing multiple products.
E) There are too many product substitutes over which a firm would not have control.

F) B) and C)
G) B) and D)

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Kelly Johnson of Lockheed Martin's Skunk Works stressed the following basic tenet:


A) Implement a "do it, fix it, try it" approach.
B) Take a "go and see" approach.
C) Have a "bias for action."
D) "Avoid paralysis by analysis."
E) "Better to ask forgiveness than permission."

F) A) and B)
G) C) and E)

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The relationship of annual marketing effort to annual sales revenue is assumed to be __________ of the sales response function.


A) a horizontal straight line, where sales revenues stay the same regardless of the marketing effort
B) a U-shaped curve, where sales revenues are at a maximum at either end
C) an upside-down U-shaped curve, where sales revenues are at a maximum in the middle
D) an S-shaped curve, which shows that an additional marketing effort in the midrange of the curve results in far greater increases of sales revenue than at either end of the curve
E) a rising straight line, where sales revenue continuously rises as the marketing effort rises

F) B) and D)
G) D) and E)

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Another commonly used term for product manager is


A) line advisor.
B) product champion.
C) brand manager.
D) marketing advisor.
E) account executive.

F) A) and C)
G) B) and C)

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Based on a market-product grid framework, which marketing strategy would most likely offer the greatest marketing synergies or efficiencies?


A) market-product concentration
B) product specialization
C) market specialization
D) selective specialization
E) universal concentration

F) A) and B)
G) B) and D)

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A cost focus strategy refers to one of Porter's generic business strategies that


A) focuses on reducing expenses and, in turn, lowers product prices, while targeting a broad array of market segments.
B) requires products to have significant points of difference to target one or only a few market segments.
C) requires products to have significant points of difference to charge a higher price while targeting a broad array of market segments.
D) involves controlling expenses and, in turn, lowering product prices targeted at a narrow range of market segments.
E) seeks opportunities by finding the optimum balance between marketing efficiencies versus R&D-manufacturing efficiencies.

F) A) and D)
G) A) and E)

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U.S. Navy Admiral Grace Murray Hopper gave famous advice that a program champion should follow when cutting through an organization's red tape:


A) Implement a do it, fix it, try it" approach.
B) Take a "go and see" approach.
C) "Avoid paralysis by analysis."
D) Have a "bias for action."
E) "Better to ask forgiveness than permission."

F) C) and D)
G) A) and C)

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Action item lists are most similar to


A) product-market grids.
B) job analyses.
C) sales response functions.
D) value analyses.
E) program schedules.

F) A) and E)
G) B) and D)

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List and explain two types of marketing plans.

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Long-range marketing plans cover marketi...

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Which of the following statements best reflects the guideline for making marketing plans controllable and flexible?


A) The firm ensures that people at all levels in the firm understand what, when, and how they are to accomplish their tasks.
B) The firm's marketing plan has all the key marketing mix factors and is supported by resources.
C) The firm's marketing plan enables results to be compared with planned targets, using precise marketing metrics.
D) The firm insists on ownership of the marketing plan by team members and stakeholders.
E) The firms ensures that the right person to implement plans is heavily involved in making the plans.

F) C) and D)
G) C) and E)

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Regardless of the product or industry involved, the strategy that a firm adopts to achieve a competitive advantage is referred to as


A) a generic business strategy.
B) an annual business plan.
C) a long-range marketing plan.
D) a marketing action program.
E) a synergy analysis framework.

F) A) and B)
G) A) and E)

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