Question 1

Your bacterium is growing on a type of medium called casein agar,which contains milk protein (casein) .There is a clear zone around the growth area of the bacterium,showing that it is synthesizing the enzymes needed to catalyze the breakdown of casein.These enzymes are considered:

Accepted Answer

A)  apoenzymes.
B)  exoenzymes.
C)  ribozymes.
D)  regulated enzymes.
E)  endoenzymes.F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 2

Enzymes that catalyze the removal of electrons from one substrate and the addition of electrons to another are called

Accepted Answer

A)  transferases.
B)  oxidoreductases.
C)  lyases.
D)  isomerases.
E)  ligases.F) A) and E)
G) B) and D)

Question 3

Which of the following is not involved in the step that occurs between glycolysis and the Krebs cycle?

Accepted Answer

A)  reduction of NAD
B)  decarboxylation of pyruvic acid
C)  coenzyme A attaches to an acetyl group
D)  dehydrogenation of pyruvic acid
E)  pyruvic acid accepts electrons from NADHF) B) and E)
G) A) and C)

Question 4

The bacterium,isolated from pond water,that you are working with appears to use light for energy.Based upon this information,you inoculate the organism into fresh media,infused with lots of carbon dioxide.Even after incubation at the correct temperature (of pond water) ,the organism is not growing.Your best explanation of what might have happened is:

Accepted Answer

A)  there was no sulfur compound added to the medium,that could be used as an electron donor.
B)  no oxygen was added to the medium so the organism died.
C)  there is some inhibitory chemical that is preventing the growth of the bacterium.
D)  you were using the wrong type of sunlight as the energy source for the bacterium.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 5

Exoenzymes from pathogens are called virulence factors.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

The space between the cell membrane and the cell wall is important during aerobic respiration.Why?

Accepted Answer

A)  Hydrogen ions are transported out into the space to set up a hydrogen gradient.
B)  Cytochrome electron carriers are located in the space.
C)  Oxygen combines with electrons in that space to form water.
D)  Pyruvate is transported into the space to be converted into acetyl coenzyme A to enter the Krebs cycle.E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 7

In which pathway is the most NADH generated?

Accepted Answer

A)  the electron transport system
B)  the Krebs cycle
C)  glycolysis
D)  alcoholic fermentation
E)  mixed acid fermentationF) D) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 8

Enzymes are

Accepted Answer

A)  broken down in reactions that require energy input.
B)  proteins that function as catalysts.
C)  used up in chemical reactions.
D)  not needed for catabolic reactions.
E)  carbohydrate or protein in composition.F) A) and B)
G) D) and E)

Question 9

The formation of citric acid from oxaloacetic acid and an acetyl group begins

Accepted Answer

A)  glycolysis.
B)  the electron transport system.
C)  the Krebs cycle.
D)  fermentation.
E)  oxidative phosphorylation.F) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 10

Substrate-level phosphorylation occurs in

Accepted Answer

A)  glycolysis and the electron transport chain.
B)  photosynthesis and glycolysis.
C)  glycolysis and the Krebs cycle.
D)  the Krebs cycle and the electron transport system.
E)  the electron transport system only.F) A) and B)
G) None of the above

Question 11

Intermediates from the Krebs cycle can be converted to amino acids by the process of

Accepted Answer

A)  amination.
B)  deamination.
C)  phosphorylation.
D)  beta oxidation.
E)  gluconeogenesis.F) C) and E)
G) A) and E)

Question 12

Oxygen-containing ions are used by some bacteria in a cytochrome-like system.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

How many carbon dioxide molecules are produced by the complete aerobic breakdown of one glucose molecule?

Accepted Answer

A)  2
B)  3
C)  4
D)  5
E)  6F) A) and B)
G) All of the above

Question 14

The majority of reduced NAD is produced in

Accepted Answer

A)  glycolysis.
B)  the Krebs cycle.
C)  the electron transport system.
D)  photosynthesis.
E)  fermentation.F) None of the above
G) A) and D)

Question 15

Microbes can utilize only carbohydrates for energy production.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Mixed acid fermentation

Accepted Answer

A)  produces butyric acid.
B)  occurs in all bacteria.
C)  produces several different acids plus CO2 and H2 gases.
D)  is seen in Streptococcus and Lactobacillus.
E)  also produces ethanol.F) All of the above
G) C) and D)

Question 17

The cell's metabolic reactions involve the participation of _____ that lower the activation energy needed for the initiation of a reaction.

Accepted Answer

A)  cofactors
B)  vitamins
C)  enzymes
D)  ATP
E)  coenzymesF) B) and D)
G) A) and C)

Question 18

ATP molecules are catalysts that lower the activation energy needed to initiate a reaction.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Noncompetitive inhibition is best described as

Accepted Answer

A)  substrate binding to DNA,blocking enzyme transcription.
B)  end product binding to DNA,blocking enzyme transcription.
C)  substrate binding to enzyme in a regulatory site.
D)  end product binding to enzyme in noncompetitive site.
E)  an anabolic reaction.F) C) and E)
G) B) and D)

Question 20

Important components of coenzymes are

Accepted Answer

A)  vitamins.
B)  metallic ions.
C)  active sites.
D)  substrates.
E)  ribozymes.F) B) and E)
G) A) and E)

Exam 8: Microbial Metabolism: the Chemical Crossroads of Life

Exoenzymes from pathogens are called virulence factors.

Correct Answer
verified

How many carbon dioxide molecules are produced by the complete aerobic breakdown of one glucose molecule?

Correct Answer
verified

The majority of reduced NAD is produced in

Correct Answer
verified

Microbes can utilize only carbohydrates for energy production.

Correct Answer
verified

Mixed acid fermentation

Correct Answer
verified

The space between the cell membrane and the cell wall is important during aerobic respiration.Why?

Correct Answer
verified

The formation of citric acid from oxaloacetic acid and an acetyl group begins

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is not involved in the step that occurs between glycolysis and the Krebs cycle?

Correct Answer
verified

Oxygen-containing ions are used by some bacteria in a cytochrome-like system.

Correct Answer
verified

Enzymes that catalyze the removal of electrons from one substrate and the addition of electrons to another are called

Correct Answer
verified

The cell's metabolic reactions involve the participation of _____ that lower the activation energy needed for the initiation of a reaction.

Correct Answer
verified

Your bacterium is growing on a type of medium called casein agar,which contains milk protein (casein) .There is a clear zone around the growth area of the bacterium,showing that it is synthesizing the enzymes needed to catalyze the breakdown of casein.These enzymes are considered:

Correct Answer
verified

In which pathway is the most NADH generated?

Correct Answer
verified

Important components of coenzymes are

Correct Answer
verified

Substrate-level phosphorylation occurs in

Correct Answer
verified

Noncompetitive inhibition is best described as

Correct Answer
verified

Enzymes are

Correct Answer
verified

Intermediates from the Krebs cycle can be converted to amino acids by the process of

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

ATP molecules are catalysts that lower the activation energy needed to initiate a reaction.

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 8: Microbial Metabolism: the Chemical Crossroads of Life

Exoenzymes from pathogens are called virulence factors.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

How many carbon dioxide molecules are produced by the complete aerobic breakdown of one glucose molecule?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The majority of reduced NAD is produced in

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Microbes can utilize only carbohydrates for energy production.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Mixed acid fermentation

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The space between the cell membrane and the cell wall is important during aerobic respiration.Why?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The formation of citric acid from oxaloacetic acid and an acetyl group begins

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is not involved in the step that occurs between glycolysis and the Krebs cycle?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Oxygen-containing ions are used by some bacteria in a cytochrome-like system.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Enzymes that catalyze the removal of electrons from one substrate and the addition of electrons to another are called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The cell's metabolic reactions involve the participation of _____ that lower the activation energy needed for the initiation of a reaction.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Your bacterium is growing on a type of medium called casein agar,which contains milk protein (casein) .There is a clear zone around the growth area of the bacterium,showing that it is synthesizing the enzymes needed to catalyze the breakdown of casein.These enzymes are considered:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In which pathway is the most NADH generated?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Important components of coenzymes are

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Substrate-level phosphorylation occurs in

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Noncompetitive inhibition is best described as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Enzymes are

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Intermediates from the Krebs cycle can be converted to amino acids by the process of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

ATP molecules are catalysts that lower the activation energy needed to initiate a reaction.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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