Question 1

A criticism of _____ theory is that it ignores the diversity of socializing agents and contexts that exists in an infant's world.

Accepted Answer

A)   developmental cascades
B)   social cognitive
C)   attachment
D)   psychoanalyticE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 2

Explain reciprocal socialization and scaffolding, provide an example of each.

Accepted Answer

Reciprocal socialization is socializatio...

Question 3

Researchers have had mothers put a dot of rouge on the noses of babies and place the babies in front of mirrors to see their reaction. These researchers are studying the concept of:

Accepted Answer

A)   trust.
B)   attachment.
C)   temperament.
D)   sense of self.E) B) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 4

Sakura isn't a particularly active child, and he tends to be wary of new situations and people. Although he doesn't cry, he dislikes dealing with novel situations. According to Thomas & Chess, he would be classified as:

Accepted Answer

A)   easy child.
B)   difficult child.
C)   slow-to-warm-up child.
D)   slow child.E) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 5

Which of the following is an important role played by emotions during infancy?

Accepted Answer

A)   Cognition
B)   Communication
C)   Sensation
D)   SucklingE) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

Question 6

Which of the following is the best description of scaffolding?

Accepted Answer

A)   Parents time interactions in such a way that the infant experiences turn-taking with the parents.
B)   The caregiver and infant focus on the same object or event.
C)   Mothers and their infants interact in a dance-like pattern of closely coordinated actions.
D)   The child is presented with a series of introductions, separations, and reunions with the caregiver.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 7

Which of the following is true of social smiling?

Accepted Answer

A)   It does not occur in response to external stimuli.
B)   It appears during the first month after birth.
C)   It usually appears during sleep.
D)   The external stimulus is typically a face, in the case of young infants.E) C) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 8

What is stranger anxiety, and when does it develop? What is separation protest, and when does it peak?

Accepted Answer

Stranger anxiety is when an infant shows...

Question 9

Most of the _____ emotions occur for the first time at some point in the second half of the first year through the second year.

Accepted Answer

A)   unconscious
B)   primary
C)   negative
D)   self-consciousE) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

Question 10

Which of the following emotions is expressed by infants in the first six months of life?

Accepted Answer

A)   Shame
B)   Embarrassment
C)   Jealousy
D)   FearE) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

Question 11

In the second year of life, infants tend to "check" with their mother before they act; they look at her to see if she is happy, angry, or fearful. This is an example of _____.

Accepted Answer

A)   infinite generativity
B)   social referencing
C)   deferred imitation
D)   reciprocal socializationE) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 12

Infants show _____ when they are in familiar settings.

Accepted Answer

A)   more stranger anxiety
B)   no separation protest
C)   less stranger anxiety
D)   more separation protestE) All of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 13

When people become parents through pregnancy, adoption, or stepparenting, they face _____ and must adapt.

Accepted Answer

A)   equilibrium
B)   disturbance
C)   disequilibrium
D)   symmetryE) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 14

An attachment classification that is characterized by the infant's behaviors in the Strange Situation. These infants engage in little interaction with the caregiver, are not upset when the caregiver leaves the room, and do not reestablish contact with the caregiver upon reunion.

Accepted Answer

Insecure a...

Question 15

Which of the following BEST exemplifies the difference between how mothers and fathers interact with their children?

Accepted Answer

A)   Mothers smile more at their children.
B)   Fathers are more physical with their children.
C)   Mothers express more emotions with their children.
D)   Fathers are less affectionate with their children.E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 16

Which concept helps the infant to understand that other people have intentions?

Accepted Answer

A)   Habituation
B)   Joint attention
C)   Core knowledge approach
D)   The A-not-B errorE) None of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 17

Recent studies find that a disorganized attachment style developed in infancy only when infants had the short version of the serotonin transporter gene-5-HTTLPR. This gene-environment interaction only occurred when:

Accepted Answer

A)   the infants' other-consciousness is poorly developed in the first six months after birth.
B)   mothers showed a low level of responsiveness toward their infants.
C)   maternal nutrition was deficient during the prenatal period.
D)   the infants were temperamentally inclined toward negative affectivity.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 18

An inhibited temperament has been associated with all of the following EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)   low thyroxine levels.
B)   stable heart rate.
C)   high level of the hormone cortisol.
D)   high activity in the right frontal lobe of the brain.E) All of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 19

In the Strange Situation, Quentin cries mildly when his caregiver departs. However, he is happy upon reunion, and then, continues to explore once the caregiver has returned. He would be classified as _____.

Accepted Answer

A)   securely attached
B)   insecure disorganized
C)   insecure resistant
D)   insecure avoidantE) None of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 20

_____ involves individual differences in behavioral styles, emotions, and characteristic ways of responding.

Accepted Answer

A)   Attachment
B)   Temperament
C)   Perception
D)   Social referencingE) B) and D)
F) A) and B)

Exam 4: Socioemotional Development in Infancy

What is stranger anxiety, and when does it develop? What is separation protest, and when does it peak?

Correct AnswerverifiedStranger anxiety is when an infant shows...View AnswerShow Answer

Recent studies find that a disorganized attachment style developed in infancy only when infants had the short version of the serotonin transporter gene-5-HTTLPR. This gene-environment interaction only occurred when:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is an important role played by emotions during infancy?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When people become parents through pregnancy, adoption, or stepparenting, they face _____ and must adapt.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following emotions is expressed by infants in the first six months of life?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Sakura isn't a particularly active child, and he tends to be wary of new situations and people. Although he doesn't cry, he dislikes dealing with novel situations. According to Thomas & Chess, he would be classified as:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An inhibited temperament has been associated with all of the following EXCEPT:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A criticism of _____ theory is that it ignores the diversity of socializing agents and contexts that exists in an infant's world.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Most of the _____ emotions occur for the first time at some point in the second half of the first year through the second year.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is the best description of scaffolding?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Infants show _____ when they are in familiar settings.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is true of social smiling?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which concept helps the infant to understand that other people have intentions?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Explain reciprocal socialization and scaffolding, provide an example of each.

Correct AnswerverifiedReciprocal socialization is socializatio...View AnswerShow Answer

An attachment classification that is characterized by the infant's behaviors in the Strange Situation. These infants engage in little interaction with the caregiver, are not upset when the caregiver leaves the room, and do not reestablish contact with the caregiver upon reunion.

Correct AnswerverifiedInsecure a...View AnswerShow Answer

Researchers have had mothers put a dot of rouge on the noses of babies and place the babies in front of mirrors to see their reaction. These researchers are studying the concept of:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the Strange Situation, Quentin cries mildly when his caregiver departs. However, he is happy upon reunion, and then, continues to explore once the caregiver has returned. He would be classified as _____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

_____ involves individual differences in behavioral styles, emotions, and characteristic ways of responding.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the second year of life, infants tend to "check" with their mother before they act; they look at her to see if she is happy, angry, or fearful. This is an example of _____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following BEST exemplifies the difference between how mothers and fathers interact with their children?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
verified
Stranger anxiety is when an infant shows...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
Reciprocal socialization is socializatio...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified
Insecure a...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified