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Exam 12: Muscles

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Question 51

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Which of the following statements is NOT correct regarding the motor units and their activation?

A) A motor unit in muscles of gross movement can have thousands of muscle cells.
B) All muscle fibers in a single motor unit are of the same fiber type.
C) A weak contractile stimulus activates fast-twitch motor units.
D) The metabolic capacity of muscle fibers within a motor unit can be altered.
E) At its peak intensity, a contractile stimulus will activate muscle fibers that are easily fatigued.

F) C) and E)
G) C) and D)

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Question 52

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Which fibers fatigue sooner?

A) fast-twitch fibers
B) slow-twitch fibers

C) A) and B)
D) undefined

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Question 53

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The reductions in muscle force generation at lengths different from optimal are a result of a(n)________.

The action potential traveling along the t-tubule is detected by the

Skeletal muscle cells are usually attached to bone by

Factors playing a role in fatigue can be classified into 2 categories.Define those two categories and provide an example of each.

The nervous system avoids muscle fatigue during submaximal contraction by

A(n)________ contraction describes the opening of stretch-activated channels in smooth muscle cells in response to a distortion of the cell membrane that is commonly observed in ________.

Match from the following list. -The structures that serve as the attachment site for the thin filaments and mark the boundaries for one sarcomere.

Sketch a graph of the length-tension relationship in a contracting skeletal muscle,and explain its shape in terms of events in the sarcomere.

Smooth muscle fibers can sustain a contraction without fatigue by allowing dephosphorylated myosin to remain attached to actin in what is called the ________.

In the lever system that characterizes the interaction between bones and muscle,the bones act as the ________ whereas the joints form the ________.

This protein is activated by the Ca²⁺-calmodulin complex to phosphorylate the myosin light chain protein.

Compare and contrast the structural and functional differences between single-unit and multi-unit smooth muscle fibers,particularly in regard to their ability to vary their force of contraction.

Store-operated calcium channels open in response to ________.

Groups of adjacent fibers bundled together into units are called ________.These bundles are surrounded by the proteins ________ and elastin as well as ________ that deliver nutrients to the muscle cells.

Which of the following would cause the crossbridge to transition from a high force state to a low force state?

A motor unit consists of

Fatigue that occurs in response to extended submaximal exertion is usually due to ________ whereas fatigue to a short duration of maximal exertion involves ________.

The brief period of time between the beginning of the action potential in the muscle and the beginning of contraction is referred to as the