Question 1

Deviant behavior is usually met with rejection.For example, in Japan, deviants in school tend to be shunned and harassed by their entire class or school.Such treatment is particularly psychologically damaging in Japan because the culture

Accepted Answer

A)   demands perfection.
B)   emphasizes cohesion and group harmony.
C)   frowns upon conformity.
D)   emphasizes good grades.E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 2

Recall that Solomon Asch (1951, 1956)  asked participants to estimate the lengths of lines.In response to the incorrect answers of others, some participants actually denied what their eyes saw.These studies provide evidence of

Accepted Answer

A)   normative social influence.
B)   informational social influence.
C)   private acceptance.
D)   contagion.E) A) and C)
F) C) and D) A

Question 3

Burger's (2009)  replication of Milgram's studies on obedience to authority suggests that compared with people in the 1970s, people in 2006 were ________ likely to obey authority.

Accepted Answer

A)   less
B)   just as
C)   more
D)   not at allE) A) and B)
F) A) and D)

Question 4

Which student below is being exposed to an attempt to change behavior based on the "social norms" approach?

Accepted Answer

A)   Gary, who is asked to sign a poster placed in the lobby of the student union that says, "I practice safe sex."
B)   Jonathon, who is required to attend a meeting in his dorm on preventing date rape.
C)   Tabitha, who sees a poster on campus that says, "83 percent of UX students have 3 drinks or fewer when they drink."
D)   Monica, who role-plays talking to a stranger in line at the store during an assertiveness-training seminar.E) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 5

In the "Johnny Rocco" studies conducted by Schachter (1951) , he found that when a confederate stubbornly deviated from the opinion of the rest of the group, the confederate then was more likely to

Accepted Answer

A)   be voted as the leader.
B)   be suspected of playing the role of a confederate in the study.
C)   be voted out of the group.
D)   experience a large amount of cognitive dissonance.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 6

Paul spent Saturday picking up litter on a nearby beach with the biology club.At the end of a very long, hot day, one of the other members asked him to come with the group that evening to catch some invasive lizards as part of a science project.Paul hates lizards.Paul is more likely to agree to the second request now, after spending the day picking up litter, because of

Accepted Answer

A)  the door-in-the-face technique.
B)  informational social influence.
C)  the foot-in-the-door technique.
D)  idiosyncrasy credits.E) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 7

Complete the following analogy: injunctive norm: ________ :: descriptive norm: ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   observed; common
B)   approval; disapproval
C)   culture; universal
D)   approval; observedE) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 8

What is the relation between idiosyncrasy credits and normative conformity? Provide a concrete example of this relation.

Accepted Answer

When group members conform over time to the normative influence attempts of others, those conforming members earn "credit" that they can later use to resist such normative pressures. Edwin Hollander (1958, 1960) called these credits that people earn over time "idiosyncrasy credits." Ironically, conformity over time earns an individual more idiosyncrasy credits, which he or she can later use to behave deviantly without censure or disapproval from group members. [Note: Any example will do so long as students include two key ideas: conformity over time to normative influence pressures, and the right to deviate without censure later.]

Question 9

To avoid _______, people will agree with a second, even unattractive, request as part of the foot-in-the-door technique.

Accepted Answer

A)  propaganda
B)  informational conformity
C)  the boomerang effect
D)  dissonanceE) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 10

Informational social influence does not always produce conformity, but informational conformity is more likely in some situations than in others.What factors increase conformity to informational social influence?

Accepted Answer

The most crucial variable is how ambiguo...

Question 11

When "Freedom Riders" conformed with their group of fellow civil rights activists, they conformed by behaving ________, but when soldiers in the Vietnamese village of My Lai conformed, they behaved ________, illustrating that conformity itself it not always simply good or bad.

Accepted Answer

A)   violently; nonviolently
B)   emotionally; logically
C)   peacefully; violently
D)   as individuals; as a groupE) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 12

Informational social influence is to ________ as normative social influence is to ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   public compliance; private acceptance
B)   private acceptance; public compliance
C)   conversion; private acceptance
D)   conformity; conversionE) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 13

Imagine that you are on the Olympics Planning Committee.Nine out of 10 of the committee members hold the same opinions.However, one member, Laura, consistently deviates from the group's opinion.How is your group most likely to act toward Laura to bring her in line with the group's opinion? The group will

Accepted Answer

A)   first increase communication with Laura.When that doesn't work, the group will ignore and punish Laura.
B)   immediately punish Laura to force her to change her opinion.
C)   ignore Laura and refuse to communicate with her.If this tactic fails, the group will punish Laura.
D)   nominate Laura to be the chair of the committee.E) B) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 14

According to the authors of your text, what is the most plausible explanation as to why the U.S.soldiers followed their lieutenant's orders to massacre the citizens of the peaceful village of My Lai during the Vietnam War?

Accepted Answer

A)   They were conforming in a confusing situation.
B)   They were bloodthirsty assassins.
C)   Soldiers tend to be more aggressive than the average person.
D)   They were expressing implicit prejudice.E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 15

If a person deviates from the norms of a group, the first thing the group is likely to do is

Accepted Answer

A)   exclude the person.
B)   assign him to a position of lower status.
C)   try to persuade him to conform.
D)   say negative things to the deviant.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 16

It could be argued that participants in Muzafer Sherif's (1936)  study converged in their estimates of the amount of movement of a point of light because they were avoiding public embarrassment or social censure from other participants.Sherif demonstrated that this was unlikely when he found similar results

Accepted Answer

A)   when participants completed the task with their friends.
B)   two years later.
C)   when participants later completed the task alone.
D)   when participants completed an auditory task in groups.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 17

Explain how both informational conformity and normative conformity could contribute to eating disorders in women.

Accepted Answer

Informational social influence may set t...

Question 18

Mass psychogenic illness, when many people in a group suddenly begin to feel sick, shows the power of

Accepted Answer

A)   informational social influence.
B)   normative social influence.
C)   compliance.
D)   the immune system.E) A) and B)
F) A) and D)

Question 19

The text discussed informational social influence and normative social influence.First, describe the two types of social influence and give a real life example of each.Be sure to clearly explain how your example demonstrates that particular type of social influence.

Accepted Answer

Informational social influence occurs when individuals are looking to others to provide them with information about an ambiguous situation or stimulus. Because individuals in these types of situations are uncertain about the situation, they are more likely to internalize the information, which would lead to private acceptance. An example of this would be when students take down notes because they see other students writing something down. This is an example of informational social influence because the individuals are looking to others to decide when it is appropriate or necessary to behave in a specific way. On the other hand, normative social influence occurs when individuals want to be accepted. This type of social influence is more likely to lead to public compliance rather than private acceptance. For example, if a group of friends endorsed a particular candidate during a discussion around a table, a single individual at the table may publicly go along with the majority opinion because he or she wants to be liked and accepted. However, in the actual voting booth, the individual may still vote for his or her favored candidate.

Question 20

When it is important to provide a correct answer and the stakes are high, people are more likely to

Accepted Answer

A)   rely on informational social influence.
B)   use their independent judgment.
C)   think quietly to themselves, and not seek other peoples' opinions.
D)   want to decide alone.E) A) and B)
F) A) and D)

Exam 8: Conformity: Influencing Behavior

Deviant behavior is usually met with rejection.For example, in Japan, deviants in school tend to be shunned and harassed by their entire class or school.Such treatment is particularly psychologically damaging in Japan because the culture

Correct Answer
verified

Recall that Solomon Asch (1951, 1956) asked participants to estimate the lengths of lines.In response to the incorrect answers of others, some participants actually denied what their eyes saw.These studies provide evidence of

Correct Answer
verified
A

Burger's (2009) replication of Milgram's studies on obedience to authority suggests that compared with people in the 1970s, people in 2006 were ________ likely to obey authority.

Correct Answer
verified

Which student below is being exposed to an attempt to change behavior based on the "social norms" approach?

Correct Answer
verified

In the "Johnny Rocco" studies conducted by Schachter (1951) , he found that when a confederate stubbornly deviated from the opinion of the rest of the group, the confederate then was more likely to

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Complete the following analogy: injunctive norm: :: descriptive norm: .

Correct Answer
verified

What is the relation between idiosyncrasy credits and normative conformity? Provide a concrete example of this relation.

To avoid _______, people will agree with a second, even unattractive, request as part of the foot-in-the-door technique.

Correct Answer
verified

Informational social influence does not always produce conformity, but informational conformity is more likely in some situations than in others.What factors increase conformity to informational social influence?

Correct Answer
verified
The most crucial variable is how ambiguo...
View Answer

When "Freedom Riders" conformed with their group of fellow civil rights activists, they conformed by behaving , but when soldiers in the Vietnamese village of My Lai conformed, they behaved , illustrating that conformity itself it not always simply good or bad.

Correct Answer
verified

Informational social influence is to as normative social influence is to .

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

According to the authors of your text, what is the most plausible explanation as to why the U.S.soldiers followed their lieutenant's orders to massacre the citizens of the peaceful village of My Lai during the Vietnam War?

Correct Answer
verified

If a person deviates from the norms of a group, the first thing the group is likely to do is

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Explain how both informational conformity and normative conformity could contribute to eating disorders in women.

Correct Answer
verified
Informational social influence may set t...
View Answer

Mass psychogenic illness, when many people in a group suddenly begin to feel sick, shows the power of

Correct Answer
verified

The text discussed informational social influence and normative social influence.First, describe the two types of social influence and give a real life example of each.Be sure to clearly explain how your example demonstrates that particular type of social influence.

When it is important to provide a correct answer and the stakes are high, people are more likely to

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 8: Conformity: Influencing Behavior

Deviant behavior is usually met with rejection.For example, in Japan, deviants in school tend to be shunned and harassed by their entire class or school.Such treatment is particularly psychologically damaging in Japan because the culture

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Recall that Solomon Asch (1951, 1956) asked participants to estimate the lengths of lines.In response to the incorrect answers of others, some participants actually denied what their eyes saw.These studies provide evidence of

Correct AnswerverifiedA

Burger's (2009) replication of Milgram's studies on obedience to authority suggests that compared with people in the 1970s, people in 2006 were ________ likely to obey authority.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which student below is being exposed to an attempt to change behavior based on the "social norms" approach?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the "Johnny Rocco" studies conducted by Schachter (1951) , he found that when a confederate stubbornly deviated from the opinion of the rest of the group, the confederate then was more likely to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Complete the following analogy: injunctive norm: ________ :: descriptive norm: ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the relation between idiosyncrasy credits and normative conformity? Provide a concrete example of this relation.

To avoid _______, people will agree with a second, even unattractive, request as part of the foot-in-the-door technique.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Informational social influence does not always produce conformity, but informational conformity is more likely in some situations than in others.What factors increase conformity to informational social influence?

Correct AnswerverifiedThe most crucial variable is how ambiguo...View AnswerShow Answer

When "Freedom Riders" conformed with their group of fellow civil rights activists, they conformed by behaving ________, but when soldiers in the Vietnamese village of My Lai conformed, they behaved ________, illustrating that conformity itself it not always simply good or bad.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Informational social influence is to ________ as normative social influence is to ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to the authors of your text, what is the most plausible explanation as to why the U.S.soldiers followed their lieutenant's orders to massacre the citizens of the peaceful village of My Lai during the Vietnam War?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If a person deviates from the norms of a group, the first thing the group is likely to do is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Explain how both informational conformity and normative conformity could contribute to eating disorders in women.

Correct AnswerverifiedInformational social influence may set t...View AnswerShow Answer

Mass psychogenic illness, when many people in a group suddenly begin to feel sick, shows the power of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The text discussed informational social influence and normative social influence.First, describe the two types of social influence and give a real life example of each.Be sure to clearly explain how your example demonstrates that particular type of social influence.

When it is important to provide a correct answer and the stakes are high, people are more likely to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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Complete the following analogy: injunctive norm: :: descriptive norm: .

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
verified
The most crucial variable is how ambiguo...
View Answer

When "Freedom Riders" conformed with their group of fellow civil rights activists, they conformed by behaving , but when soldiers in the Vietnamese village of My Lai conformed, they behaved , illustrating that conformity itself it not always simply good or bad.

Correct Answer
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Informational social influence is to as normative social influence is to .

Correct Answer
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Informational social influence may set t...
View Answer

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