Question 1

All of the following are components of the nonspecific host defenses except

Accepted Answer

A)   fever
B)   mucus
C)   antibodies
D)   interferonE) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 2

Toll-like receptors can distinguish between

Accepted Answer

A)   nonspecific and specific immune responses
B)   gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria
C)   bacteria versus viruses
D)   two of the aboveE) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 3

Physical barriers of nonspecific defenses

Accepted Answer

A)   include both the cells that line the body surfaces and the chemicals they secrete
B)   include phagocytes and interferon
C)   respond to antigens by making thousands of different antibodies
D)   are part of the host cellular defensesE) B) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 4

During inflammation,permeable capillary walls allow accumulation of fluids near injured cells causing which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)   calor
B)   diapedesis
C)   edema
D)   blood clottingE) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 5

The lymphatic system does all of the following except

Accepted Answer

A)   carries plasma to tissue
B)   transports digested fats to the cardiovascular system
C)   drains excess fluid from space between cells
D)   allows for the circulation of cellular defensesE) All of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 6

Bacteria that resist digestion by phagocytes use all of the following mechanisms except

Accepted Answer

A)   produce capsule that can resist lysosomal digestion
B)   block chemokines from reaching phagocytes
C)   form parasitophorous vacuoles
D)   produce streptolysisin and leukocidinE) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

Question 7

A multilobed lymphatic organ that functions to process lymphocytes known as T cells and release them into the blood is called:

Accepted Answer

A)   tonsil
B)   trachea
C)   thymus gland
D)   salivary glandE) All of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 8

What collection of lymphoid tissue,found in the ileum of the small intestine,is comprised of unencapsulated regions filled with lymphocytes,called lymphoid nodules?

Accepted Answer

A)   gut-associated lymphatic tissues
B)   mucosa-associated lymphatic tissues
C)   phagosomes
D)   tonsilsE) All of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 9

A pocket of tissue that surrounds and walls off the inflammatory agent is called a

Accepted Answer

A)   granuloma
B)   edema
C)   fibroblast
D)   pyrogenE) None of the above
F) A) and C)

Question 10

Which of the following does not partake in the process of phagocytosis?

Accepted Answer

A)   chemotaxis
B)   granulation
C)   adherence
D)   ingestionE) None of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 11

Leukocytes responsible for killing intracellular viruses are

Accepted Answer

A)   Fixed Macrophages
B)   Basophils
C)   Granulocytes
D)   Natural Killer cellsE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 12

Exogenous and endogenous __________ are fever causing substances

Accepted Answer

A)   prostraglandins
B)   pyrogens
C)   cytokines
D)   bradykinesE) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 13

Which of the following proteins activate complement,enhance inflammation and stimulate macrophages to undergo chemotaxis?

Accepted Answer

A)   antiviral proteins
B)   exogenous pyrogens
C)   leukocidins
D)   acute phase proteinsE) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 14

Residual body

Accepted Answer

A)   is the remains of parasitic worms killed extracellularly
B)   consists of a thin layer of cells that secrete mucus
C)   prevents adherence of a phagocyte and a bacterium
D)   is material that remains in a phagolysosome after digestion of a microbeE) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 15

Toll-like receptors

Accepted Answer

A)   come from outside the body and stimulate a cytokine
B)   act nonspecifically to cause cell killing
C)   are a set of receptors that when activated produce a membrane attack complex
D)   recognize molecular patterns unique to pathogensE) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 16

Complement

Accepted Answer

A)   system consists of over 20 proteins that function in a cascade-like manner
B)   activation results in the onset of fever
C)   pathway involves factors B, D and P
D)   all of the aboveE) B) and D)
F) C) and D)

Question 17

Blood contains cells including all of the following except

Accepted Answer

A)   red blood cells
B)   plasma
C)   platelets
D)   lymphocytesE) None of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 18

Acute phase response proteins

Accepted Answer

A)   include C-reactive protein (CRP)  and mannose-binding protein (MBP) 
B)   bind to and coat the surface of the infectious agent
C)   destroy abnormal cells
D)   increase resistance of cells to viral infectionE) A) and C)
F) B) and C)

Question 19

A leukocyte-endogenous mediator

Accepted Answer

A)   elevates body temperature
B)   lowers the plasma iron concentration
C)   decreases the host's metabolic rate
D)   two of the aboveE) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 20

What non-specific immune component is directly responsible for the lysis of invading microorganisms?

Accepted Answer

A)   chemotaxis
B)   membrane attack complex
C)   opsonin
D)   chronic inflammationE) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

Exam 16: Innate Host Defenses

Leukocytes responsible for killing intracellular viruses are

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Complement

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Bacteria that resist digestion by phagocytes use all of the following mechanisms except

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A leukocyte-endogenous mediator

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Exogenous and endogenous __________ are fever causing substances

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What non-specific immune component is directly responsible for the lysis of invading microorganisms?

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Toll-like receptors can distinguish between

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A multilobed lymphatic organ that functions to process lymphocytes known as T cells and release them into the blood is called:

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Acute phase response proteins

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What collection of lymphoid tissue,found in the ileum of the small intestine,is comprised of unencapsulated regions filled with lymphocytes,called lymphoid nodules?

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During inflammation,permeable capillary walls allow accumulation of fluids near injured cells causing which of the following?

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All of the following are components of the nonspecific host defenses except

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Toll-like receptors

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Which of the following does not partake in the process of phagocytosis?

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Physical barriers of nonspecific defenses

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Residual body

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Blood contains cells including all of the following except

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A pocket of tissue that surrounds and walls off the inflammatory agent is called a

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The lymphatic system does all of the following except

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Which of the following proteins activate complement,enhance inflammation and stimulate macrophages to undergo chemotaxis?

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