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The lower limbs reach their correct length relative to the rest of the body during the __________ period.


A) fetal
B) embryonic
C) neonatal
D) infancy

E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

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The substance called __________, produced in the lungs, decreases surface tension and is needed for the newborn to be able to expand its lungs.

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What is the purpose of the foramen ovale and ductus arteriosus in the fetal circulation?


A) To allow blood to bypass the lungs
B) To allow blood to bypass the digestive organs
C) To ascertain that blood from the placenta is well mixed with fetal blood
D) To divert oxygen-poor blood toward the placenta

E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

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The most critical period of development, in which all the essential internal and external body parts form, is the __________ period.


A) embryonic
B) zygotic
C) fetal
D) neonatal

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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During the process called __________, cells of the zygote undergo rapid division without increasing in size, becoming progressively smaller.

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What forms the placental membrane?


A) The embryonic disc
B) The myometrium of the uterus
C) The epithelium of chorionic villi and endothelium of villi capillaries
D) The lining of the amnion and the chorion

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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The union of a secondary oocyte and a sperm cell is called __________.


A) fertilization
B) implantation
C) cleavage
D) labor

E) A) and C)
F) All of the above

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What hormone stimulates the mammary glands to secrete milk?


A) Estrogen
B) Progesterone
C) Oxytocin
D) Prolactin

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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Describe the blood that is passing through the ductus venosus.


A) Low in oxygen and nutrients
B) High in oxygen and nutrients
C) Low in oxygen but high in nutrients
D) High in oxygen but low in nutrients

E) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

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What are teratogens?


A) Factors that stimulate embryonic growth
B) Factors that cause congenital malformations
C) Factors that protect against infections
D) Factors that are required for implantation to occur

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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Fetal blood passes from the right atrium to the left atrium via what structure?


A) Foramen ovale
B) Ductus arteriosus
C) Ductus venosus
D) Mitral valve
E) Tricuspid valve

F) B) and C)
G) D) and E)

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