Question 1

The four most abundant elements in the human body are

Accepted Answer

A)   calcium, hydrogen, sodium, and potassium.
B)   carbon, oxygen, magnesium, and zinc.
C)   carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and iron.
D)   carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen.
E)   carbon, sulfur, calcium, and potassium.F) None of the above
G) All of the above

Question 2

-The sodium chloride molecule breaks apart in water. What does "C" represent?

Accepted Answer

A)   chloride ion
B)   dissociation
C)   water molecule
D)   sodium ion
E)   salt crystalF) C) and D)
G) All of the above

Question 3

The minimum amount of energy that reactants must have to start a chemical reaction is called

Accepted Answer

A)   potential energy.
B)   mechanical energy.
C)   kinetic energy.
D)   activation energy.
E)   electromagnetic energy.F) D) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 4

The hydrogen and oxygen atoms in a molecule of water are held together by

Accepted Answer

A)   peptide bonds.
B)   ionic bonds.
C)   nonpolar bonds.
D)   savings bonds.
E)   polar covalent bonds.F) A) and B)
G) A) and E)

Question 5

Which of the following statements is false?

Accepted Answer

A)   Water transports nutrients in the body.
B)   Water evaporation heats the body.
C)   Water evaporation cools the body.
D)   Water serves as an effective lubricant in our bodies.
E)   Water allows the body to resist sudden temperature changes.F) B) and E)
G) B) and D)

Question 6

Sodium chloride is considered a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)   molecule.
B)   element.
C)   compound.
D)   molecule and a compound.
E)   ion.F) A) and E)
G) B) and C)

Question 7

Starch is the

Accepted Answer

A)   storage carbohydrate in animals.
B)   sugar found in RNA.
C)   major nutrient for most body cells.
D)   nondigestible plant polysaccharide.
E)   storage carbohydrate in plants.F) B) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 8

The minimum energy required to start a chemical reaction

Accepted Answer

A)   can be lowered by enzymes.
B)   is elevated by a catalyst.
C)   moves in energy surges.
D)   comes from ionic energy motion.
E)   results from random molecular movement.F) A) and E)
G) None of the above

Question 9

In a reversible reaction, when the rate of product formation is equal to the rate of reactant formation, the reaction is

Accepted Answer

A)   in danger of exploding.
B)   a net decomposition reaction.
C)   a net synthesis reaction.
D)   stopped.
E)   at equilibrium.F) All of the above
G) B) and D)

Question 10

Which of the following is a source of nitrogen for the body?

Accepted Answer

A)   proteins
B)   water
C)   carbohydrates
D)   lipids
E)   glucoseF) C) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 11

Isotopes of the same element have

Accepted Answer

A)   no mass number.
B)   the same mass number.
C)   the same number of neutrons but different numbers of protons.
D)   different numbers of protons and electrons.
E)   the same atomic number but differ in their mass numbers.F) None of the above
G) A) and B)

Question 12

The conversion between different states of energy (e.g. potential energy to kinetic energy) :

Accepted Answer

A)   is not 100% efficent
B)   is 100% efficent
C)   typically generates heat
D)   is not possible, energy can not change its state.
E)   is not 100% efficient and typically generates heatF) B) and D)
G) B) and C)

Question 13

Molecules that form when electrons are shared unequally between atoms are called

Accepted Answer

A)   salt molecules.
B)   polar molecules.
C)   nonpolar molecules.
D)   lopsided molecules.
E)   None of these choices are correct.F) A) and B)
G) A) and E)

Question 14

-Phospholipids are important components of the plasma membrane. What does "A" represent on the diagram?

Accepted Answer

A)   phosphorus
B)   oxygen
C)   nitrogen
D)   polar (hydrophilic)  region
E)   nonpolar (hydrophobic)  regionF) A) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 15

Which function of proteins is NOT correctly matched with the example?

Accepted Answer

A)   structure - collagen and keratin
B)   regulation - enzymes and hormones
C)   transport - hemoglobin
D)   contraction - actin and myosin in muscles
E)   protection - packing around organs and glandsF) A) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 16

Glucose is the

Accepted Answer

A)   sugar found in RNA.
B)   nondigestible plant polysaccharide.
C)   storage carbohydrate in animals.
D)   storage carbohydrate in plants.
E)   major nutrient for most body cells.F) B) and E)
G) C) and E)

Question 17

All of the following terms relate to lipids. Which does not belong with the other four?

Accepted Answer

A)   steroid
B)   cholesterol
C)   estrogen
D)   bile salts
E)   triglycerideF) D) and E)
G) B) and C)

Question 18

Cellulose is the

Accepted Answer

A)   storage carbohydrate in animals.
B)   nondigestible plant polysaccharide.
C)   major nutrient for most body cells.
D)   sugar found in RNA.
E)   storage carbohydrate in plants.F) A) and D)
G) C) and D)

Question 19

In an x-ray film of the skeletal system, the dense tissue areas appear ______ because they ______ the x-rays; and the less dense tissues appear ______ because they ______ the x-rays.

Accepted Answer

A)   light, absorb; dark, do not absorb
B)   dark, absorb; light, do not absorb
C)   dark, do not absorb; light, do absorb
D)   light, do not absorb; dark, aborbE) B) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 20

Which of the following organic groups does an enzyme belong to?

Accepted Answer

A)   nucleic acid
B)   lipid
C)   vitamin
D)   carbohydrate
E)   proteinF) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

Exam 2: The Chemical Basis of Life

In an x-ray film of the skeletal system, the dense tissue areas appear ______ because they ______ the x-rays; and the less dense tissues appear ______ because they ______ the x-rays.

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The hydrogen and oxygen atoms in a molecule of water are held together by

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In a reversible reaction, when the rate of product formation is equal to the rate of reactant formation, the reaction is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

All of the following terms relate to lipids. Which does not belong with the other four?

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Which of the following organic groups does an enzyme belong to?

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-Phospholipids are important components of the plasma membrane. What does "A" represent on the diagram?

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Which function of proteins is NOT correctly matched with the example?

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Molecules that form when electrons are shared unequally between atoms are called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is a source of nitrogen for the body?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Sodium chloride is considered a(n)

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-The sodium chloride molecule breaks apart in water. What does "C" represent?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Isotopes of the same element have

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Starch is the

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The minimum energy required to start a chemical reaction

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The minimum amount of energy that reactants must have to start a chemical reaction is called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The four most abundant elements in the human body are

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The conversion between different states of energy (e.g. potential energy to kinetic energy) :

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Glucose is the

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Cellulose is the

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Which of the following statements is false?

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In an x-ray film of the skeletal system, the dense tissue areas appear because they the x-rays; and the less dense tissues appear because they the x-rays.

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