Question 1

How many grams of nitrogen are contained in a 2500-kcalorie diet that provides 15% of the energy as protein?

Accepted Answer

A)  2.5
B)  5
C)  10
D)  15E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 2

Which of the following is a characteristic of protein synthesis?

Accepted Answer

A)  Mitochondria are bound to DNA to initiate peptide bond synthesis
B)  Messenger RNA is constructed from a DNA template to carry instructions
C)  Hormones carry messages from RNA to DNA to direct peptide bond synthesis
D)  RNA transfers up to 6 amino acids simultaneously to the mitochondria for peptide elongationE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 3

A reference protein equals or exceeds the essential amino acid requirements of all of the following population groups except

Accepted Answer

A)  infants.
B)  preschool aged children.
C)  adolescents.
D)  elderly.E) A) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 4

The disease phenylketonuria is related chiefly to abnormal metabolism of

Accepted Answer

A)  lactose.
B)  omega-3 fats.
C)  soy polysaccharides.
D)  a certain amino acid.E) A) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 5

Which of the following is a feature of an essential amino acid?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is not necessary in the diet
B)  It must be supplied by the diet
C)  It can be made from fat in the body
D)  It can be made from glucose in the bodyE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 6

Marasmus occurs most commonly in children of ages

Accepted Answer

A)  1-5 months.
B)  6-18 months.
C)  1½-3 years.
D)  4-10 years.E) A) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 7

Relative to animal proteins, which of the following amino acids is present in lesser amounts in proteins of legumes?

Accepted Answer

A)  Alanine
B)  Isoleucine
C)  Tryptophan
D)  Glutamic acidE) A) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 8

A prominent result of transamination reactions is the synthesis of

Accepted Answer

A)  essential amino acids.
B)  nonessential amino acids.
C)  neurotransmitters and hormones.
D)  both nonessential and essential amino acids.E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 9

What amino acid has been linked to the development of the rare blood disorder eosinophilia myalgia in people who took it as a supplement?

Accepted Answer

A)  Glycine
B)  Arginine
C)  Tryptophan
D)  PhenylalanineE) All of the above
F) A) and C)

Question 10

What is the amino acid pool?

Accepted Answer

A)  The total amino acid content derived from a 24-hour dietary intake
B)  A measure of the circulating essential amino acid levels available for protein synthesis
C)  The total amount of free amino acids in the circulation destined for deamination and excretion
D)  A mix of essential and nonessential amino acids derived from protein breakdown and dietary protein intakeE) A) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 11

What dispensable amino acid becomes essential in people with PKU?

Accepted Answer

A)  Glycine
B)  Tyrosine
C)  Arginine
D)  GlutamineE) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 12

What is the simplest amino acid?

Accepted Answer

A)  Valine
B)  Glycine
C)  Alanine
D)  MethionineE) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 13

What amino acid is classified as conditionally essential when dietary intake of phenylalanine is insufficient or the body cannot normally metabolize phenylalanine?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cysteine
B)  Tyrosine
C)  Glutamine
D)  IsoleucineE) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 14

All of the following describe associations between protein nutrition and the body's water balance except

Accepted Answer

A)  inadequate protein intake may lead to edema.
B)  insufficient protein synthesis by the liver may lead to edema.
C)  excessive protein losses by the kidney may lead to dehydration.
D)  excessive protein intake burdens the kidneys to excrete unused nitrogen.E) None of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 15

Which of the following statements is not characteristic of enzymes?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are all catalysts
B)  They have a protein structure
C)  They can be destroyed by heat
D)  They are involved in synthesis reactions onlyE) All of the above
F) A) and C)

Question 16

A dispensable amino acid is one that

Accepted Answer

A)  is not needed by the body.
B)  can be synthesized by the body.
C)  can be used to synthesize an indispensable amino acid.
D)  cannot be synthesized by the body because of a genetic defect.E) A) and C)
F) B) and D)

Question 17

The body's amino acid pool consists of

Accepted Answer

A)  essential amino acids only.
B)  endogenous amino acids only.
C)  nonessential amino acids only.
D)  both essential and nonessential amino acids.E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 18

Which of the following conditions is associated with edema?

Accepted Answer

A)  Excessive use of certain drugs, which causes high excretion of water and amino acids
B)  Above-normal concentration of blood proteins, which causes fluid to leak from the blood vessels
C)  Diminished concentration of blood proteins and hormones, which causes fluid to leak from the blood vessels
D)  Excessive protein in the diet leading to increased retention of fluid, especially in the extravascular spacesE) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 19

What is the RDA for protein for a 48-kg woman?

Accepted Answer

A)  24 g
B)  34 g
C)  38 g
D)  40 gE) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 20

What percentage of dietary protein is hydrolyzed in the mouth?

Accepted Answer

A)  0
B)  5-10
C)  15-20
D)  25-30E) A) and D)
F) None of the above

Exam 6: Protein: Amino Acids

The disease phenylketonuria is related chiefly to abnormal metabolism of

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What percentage of dietary protein is hydrolyzed in the mouth?

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A dispensable amino acid is one that

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Which of the following statements is not characteristic of enzymes?

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Which of the following is a characteristic of protein synthesis?

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What is the amino acid pool?

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How many grams of nitrogen are contained in a 2500-kcalorie diet that provides 15% of the energy as protein?

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A prominent result of transamination reactions is the synthesis of

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Marasmus occurs most commonly in children of ages

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What amino acid has been linked to the development of the rare blood disorder eosinophilia myalgia in people who took it as a supplement?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The body's amino acid pool consists of

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Which of the following is a feature of an essential amino acid?

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A reference protein equals or exceeds the essential amino acid requirements of all of the following population groups except

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What dispensable amino acid becomes essential in people with PKU?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following conditions is associated with edema?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the RDA for protein for a 48-kg woman?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

All of the following describe associations between protein nutrition and the body's water balance except

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What amino acid is classified as conditionally essential when dietary intake of phenylalanine is insufficient or the body cannot normally metabolize phenylalanine?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the simplest amino acid?

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Relative to animal proteins, which of the following amino acids is present in lesser amounts in proteins of legumes?

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