Question 1

An isotope with a low value of N/Z will generally decay through

Accepted Answer

A)   ( α\alphaα  decay.) 
B)   ( β\betaβ  decay.) 
C)   ( γ\gammaγ  decay.) 
D)   electron capture.
E)   spontaneous fission. F) D) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 2

Carbon-14 will emit a  β\betaβ  particle with an energy of 0.1565 MeV. What is this energy in joules?

Accepted Answer

A)   1.0 * 10¯24 J
B)   2.5 * 10¯20 J
C)   1.0 * 10¯18 J
D)   2.5 * 10¯14 J
E)   None of these choices is correct. F) A) and D)
G) A) and B) D

Question 3

The isotope 8" class="answers-bank-image d-inline" rel="preload" > has a half-life of 7.5 seconds. If a sample contains 144 atoms of 8" class="answers-bank-image d-inline" rel="preload" > , approximately how many such atoms were present 30 seconds earlier?

Accepted Answer

A)   576
B)   1152
C)   2304
D)   4320
E)   4.30 * 108F) None of the above
G) C) and D)

Question 4

The isotope  has a half-life of 21 hours. If a sample initially contains exactly 10,000 atoms of  , approximately how many of these atoms will remain after one week?

Accepted Answer

A)   1250
B)   78
C)   39
D)   0
E)   None of these choices is correct.F) B) and C)
G) A) and D)

Question 5

It is believed that two carbon-12 nuclei can react in the core of a supergiant star to form sodium-23 and hydrogen-1. Calculate the energy released from this reaction for each mole of hydrogen formed. The masses of carbon-12, sodium-23, and hydrogen-1 are 12.0000 amu, 22.989767 amu, and 1.007825, respectively. 14 kJ B)  2.16 * 1011 kJ C)  2.16 * 108 kJ D)  2.16 * 105 kJ E)  None of these choices is correct." class="answers-bank-image d-inline" rel="preload" >

Accepted Answer

A)   2.16*1014 kJ
B)   2.16 * 1011 kJ
C)   2.16 * 108 kJ
D)   2.16 * 105 kJ
E)   None of these choices is correct.F) B) and C)
G) A) and C) C

Question 6

Bombardment of uranium-238 nuclei by carbon-12 nuclei produces californium-246 and neutrons. Write a complete, balanced equation for this nuclear process.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Bombardment of uranium-238 nuclei by carbon-12 nuclei...

Question 7

Which of the following isotopes is most likely to be unstable?

Accepted Answer

A)   
B)   
C)   
D)   
E)   F) B) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 8

Identify the missing species in the following nuclear transmutation:

Accepted Answer

A)   2 
B)   3 
C)   
D)   
E)   F) B) and C)
G) A) and D)

Question 9

The isotopes of promethium,  and  , are unstable, and lie on opposite sides of the "line of stability." Which of the following combinations is most likely to represent the type of decay for these isotopes?

Accepted Answer

A)   promethium-144,  β\betaβ decay; promethium-134, positron decay
B)   promethium-144, positron decay; promethium-134,  β\betaβ decay
C)   promethium-144, positron decay; promethium-134, electron capture
D)   promethium-144, electron capture; promethium-134, positron decay
E)   promethium-144,  β\betaβ  decay; promethium-134,  γ\gammaγ  decay F) All of the above
G) C) and D)

Question 10

Detection of radiation by a Geiger-Müller counter depends on

Accepted Answer

A)   the emission of a photon from an excited atom.
B)   the ability of an ionized gas to carry an electrical current.
C)   the emission of a photon of light by the radioactive particle.
D)   the ability of a photomultiplier tube to amplify the electrical signal from a phosphor.
E)   the detection of the sound made by decay particles.F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 11

11 Select the nuclide that completes the following nuclear reaction:

Accepted Answer

A)   
B)   
C)   
D)   
E)   F) A) and D)
G) D) and E)

Question 12

The nuclide Pb-210 undergoes three successive decays (beta, alpha, and beta, respectively)  to form a stable nuclide. What are the three nuclides which form from Pb-210 in this decay series?

Accepted Answer

A)   Tl-210, Au-206, Pt-206
B)   Bi-210, Tl-206, Pb-206
C)   Pb-209, Hg-205, Hg-204
D)   Bi-210, Pb-206, Bi-206
E)   None of these choices is correct.F) B) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 13

In this equation  , what particle or type of radiation needs to be included on the right-hand side in order to balance it?

Accepted Answer

A)   alpha
B)   beta
C)   gamma
D)   positron
E)   protonF) A) and B)
G) B) and E) D

Question 14

Identify the missing species in the following nuclear transmutation:

Accepted Answer

A)   
B)   
C)   
D)   
E)   None of these choices is correct.F) C) and E)
G) None of the above

Question 15

Explain how the number of protons and neutrons in a radioactive nucleus can be used to predict its probable mode of decay. Illustrate your answer with a schematic graph, properly labeled, showing stable nuclides (nuclei) in relation to number of protons and neutrons.

Accepted Answer

The "line of stability" on the accompany...

Question 16

A 55-kg person exposed to thorium-234 receives 7.5 * 104  β\betaβ particles, each with an energy of 1.6 *10¯14 J. How many rads does the person receive?

Accepted Answer

A)   2.1 * 10¯19
B)   1.2 * 10¯17
C)   2.2 * 10¯9
D)   1.2* 10¯9
E)   None of these choices is correct. F) B) and C)
G) B) and D)

Question 17

Exposure to 10 nCi for 10 minutes is more hazardous for a child than for an adult because

Accepted Answer

A)   the child's cells are dividing more rapidly than the adult's and are, therefore, more susceptible to the radiation.
B)   the child's smaller body size makes the effective dose larger for the child than for the adult.
C)   the child's immune system is not developed well enough to resist damage.
D)   the child's skin is not as thick as an adult's and cannot block as much radiation.
E)   None of the above reasons is correct.F) A) and D)
G) C) and D)

Question 18

The isotope  is unstable. This is predictable because

Accepted Answer

A)   N/Z  ≠
eq=  1.
B)   N/Z is relatively low and Z 
C)   N/Z is relatively large and Z 
D)   Z is small.
E)   N is large. F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 19

refer to which of the following particles?

Accepted Answer

A)   protons only
B)   electrons only
C)   positrons only
D)   neutrons only
E)   protons and neutronsF) D) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 20

Which of the following types of radioactive decay does not produce new element?

Accepted Answer

A)   gamma emission
B)   electron capture
C)   beta emission
D)   alpha emission
E)   double beta emissionF) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Exam 24: Nuclear Reactions and Their Applications

An isotope with a low value of N/Z will generally decay through

Correct Answer
verified

Carbon-14 will emit a $\beta$ particle with an energy of 0.1565 MeV. What is this energy in joules?

Correct Answer
verified
D

The isotope has a half-life of 7.5 seconds. If a sample contains 144 atoms of , approximately how many such atoms were present 30 seconds earlier?

Correct Answer
verified

The isotope has a half-life of 21 hours. If a sample initially contains exactly 10,000 atoms of , approximately how many of these atoms will remain after one week?

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
C

Bombardment of uranium-238 nuclei by carbon-12 nuclei produces californium-246 and neutrons. Write a complete, balanced equation for this nuclear process.

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following isotopes is most likely to be unstable?

Correct Answer
verified

Identify the missing species in the following nuclear transmutation:

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Detection of radiation by a Geiger-Müller counter depends on

Correct Answer
verified

11 Select the nuclide that completes the following nuclear reaction:

Correct Answer
verified

The nuclide Pb-210 undergoes three successive decays (beta, alpha, and beta, respectively) to form a stable nuclide. What are the three nuclides which form from Pb-210 in this decay series?

Correct Answer
verified

In this equation , what particle or type of radiation needs to be included on the right-hand side in order to balance it?

Correct Answer
verified
D

Identify the missing species in the following nuclear transmutation:

Correct Answer
verified

Explain how the number of protons and neutrons in a radioactive nucleus can be used to predict its probable mode of decay. Illustrate your answer with a schematic graph, properly labeled, showing stable nuclides (nuclei) in relation to number of protons and neutrons.

Correct Answer
verified
The "line of stability" on the accompany...
View Answer

A 55-kg person exposed to thorium-234 receives 7.5 * 10⁴ $\beta$ particles, each with an energy of 1.6 *10¯¹⁴ J. How many rads does the person receive?

Correct Answer
verified

Exposure to 10 nCi for 10 minutes is more hazardous for a child than for an adult because

Correct Answer
verified

The isotope $The isotope is unstable. This is predictable because A) N/Z \neq 1. B) N/Z is relatively low and Z < 20. C) N/Z is relatively large and Z < 20. D) Z is small. E) N is large.$ is unstable. This is predictable because

Correct Answer
verified

refer to which of the following particles?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following types of radioactive decay does not produce new element?

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 24: Nuclear Reactions and Their Applications

An isotope with a low value of N/Z will generally decay through

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Carbon-14 will emit a β\betaβ particle with an energy of 0.1565 MeV. What is this energy in joules?

Correct AnswerverifiedD

The isotope has a half-life of 7.5 seconds. If a sample contains 144 atoms of , approximately how many such atoms were present 30 seconds earlier?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The isotope has a half-life of 21 hours. If a sample initially contains exactly 10,000 atoms of , approximately how many of these atoms will remain after one week?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedC

Bombardment of uranium-238 nuclei by carbon-12 nuclei produces californium-246 and neutrons. Write a complete, balanced equation for this nuclear process.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following isotopes is most likely to be unstable?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Identify the missing species in the following nuclear transmutation:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The isotopes of promethium, and , are unstable, and lie on opposite sides of the "line of stability." Which of the following combinations is most likely to represent the type of decay for these isotopes?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Detection of radiation by a Geiger-Müller counter depends on

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

11 Select the nuclide that completes the following nuclear reaction:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The nuclide Pb-210 undergoes three successive decays (beta, alpha, and beta, respectively) to form a stable nuclide. What are the three nuclides which form from Pb-210 in this decay series?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In this equation , what particle or type of radiation needs to be included on the right-hand side in order to balance it?

Correct AnswerverifiedD

Identify the missing species in the following nuclear transmutation:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Explain how the number of protons and neutrons in a radioactive nucleus can be used to predict its probable mode of decay. Illustrate your answer with a schematic graph, properly labeled, showing stable nuclides (nuclei) in relation to number of protons and neutrons.

Correct AnswerverifiedThe "line of stability" on the accompany...View AnswerShow Answer

A 55-kg person exposed to thorium-234 receives 7.5 * 104 β\betaβ particles, each with an energy of 1.6 *10¯14 J. How many rads does the person receive?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Exposure to 10 nCi for 10 minutes is more hazardous for a child than for an adult because

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The isotope is unstable. This is predictable because

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

refer to which of the following particles?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following types of radioactive decay does not produce new element?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Carbon-14 will emit a $\beta$ particle with an energy of 0.1565 MeV. What is this energy in joules?

Correct Answer
verified
D

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
C

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
D

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
The "line of stability" on the accompany...
View Answer

A 55-kg person exposed to thorium-234 receives 7.5 * 10⁴ $\beta$ particles, each with an energy of 1.6 *10¯¹⁴ J. How many rads does the person receive?

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

The isotope $The isotope is unstable. This is predictable because A) N/Z \neq 1. B) N/Z is relatively low and Z < 20. C) N/Z is relatively large and Z < 20. D) Z is small. E) N is large.$ is unstable. This is predictable because

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified