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In 2015, the primary way adolescents communicated with their friends was:


A) face to face.
B) voice calling.
C) email.
D) text messaging.

E) All of the above
F) None of the above

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Describe the three ways that parents can engage in parental monitoring.

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1. Solicitation: ask questions...

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At which grade level does conformity to peers, particularly to their antisocial standards, peak?


A) Sixth and seventh grades
B) Eighth and ninth grades
C) Tenth and eleventh grades
D) Twelfth grade

E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

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Which of the following distinguishes the locations where rites of passage are prevalent in sub-Saharan Africa?


A) High socioeconomic status
B) Acceptance of Western culture
C) Rigid social structure
D) Low access to formal education

E) A) and D)
F) All of the above

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Which of the following statements about identity development is TRUE?


A) Synthesizing identity components is easy for most people.
B) Decisions about identity may take time, but once they are made, they are set for life.
C) Identity development occurs in a single, one-step process.
D) Identity development is a lifelong process of adjustments.

E) A) and C)
F) B) and D)

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Describe four reasons given for why the rate of depression is higher in females.

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Among the reasons for this gender differ...

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An enduring, basic aspect of the self that includes a sense of membership in an ethnic group and the attitudes and feelings related to that membership.

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Which of the following statements about the timing of identity development is TRUE?


A) In the last few years of college, the number of individuals categorized as identity diffused increases.
B) College upperclassmen are more likely to be identity achieved than college freshmen or high school students.
C) College is the time when exploration closes and commitments are acted upon.
D) A higher percentage of high school students are identity achieved when compared to college upperclassmen.

E) All of the above
F) A) and D)

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Cultural differences in dating patterns include all of the following EXCEPT:


A) the timing of when dating should begin.
B) whether the date is chaperoned.
C) the roles of males and females in dating.
D) the amount of money spent on a date.

E) A) and C)
F) C) and D)

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Noah is a happy guy who makes jokes about everything. While his friends are researching colleges and careers, Noah prefers to spend time on his motorcycle. Everyone keeps telling him that he should be concerned about the future, but he really never thinks much beyond the next few weeks. Noah is displaying:


A) identity moratorium.
B) identity diffusion.
C) identity foreclosure.
D) identity achievement.

E) All of the above
F) B) and C)

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Which of the following statements regarding adolescent health from a global perspective is TRUE?


A) More adolescents around the world are dying from infectious diseases than before.
B) Many adolescent health-compromising behaviors, especially illicit drug use and unprotected sex, are decreasing in frequency.
C) The rate of HIV infection in sub-Saharan countries has decreased marginally in recent years.
D) Fewer adolescents around the world die now from malnutrition.

E) C) and D)
F) All of the above

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Olivia's mother is a nurse, and believes Olivia should have a career in physical therapy. Olivia is comfortable with that decision, thinking it is a plan anyone should be happy with. Olivia is displaying:


A) identity moratorium.
B) identity diffusion.
C) identity foreclosure.
D) identity achievement.

E) None of the above
F) A) and D)

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Lana has five close friends that she spends time with. They didn't know each other at first, but they were on the same neighborhood soccer team. Now they study, shop, and go to parties together. The appropriate term for Lana's friends is a:


A) club.
B) crowd.
C) clique.
D) squad.

E) None of the above
F) All of the above

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Dante and Franco, both 12 years old, are very interested in girls, romance, and sex. When they are alone, it's all they talk about. They are in the _____ stage of developing romantic relationships in adolescence.


A) exploring romantic relationships
B) entering into romantic attractions and affiliations
C) consolidating dyadic romantic bonds
D) facilitating romantic connections

E) C) and D)
F) All of the above

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In terms of adolescents developing romantic relationships, early bloomers are those who are in or have been in a relationship at age _____ or younger, and late bloomers are those who have not had a relationship that lasted more than four months by age _____.


A) 13; 19
B) 15; 19
C) 13; 17
D) 10; 15

E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

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This Eriksonian researcher proposes that Erikson's theory of identity development contains four statuses of identity, or ways of resolving the identity crisis.

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Rites of passage:


A) are mundane and routine, much like daily adult life.
B) are on the increase in several African countries that are influenced by Western culture.
C) signal an adolescent is ready for adult knowledge and lifestyles.
D) are designed to increase the bond between a mother and her adolescent.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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Identity _____ is James Marcia's term for the status of adolescents who are in the midst of a crisis, and whose commitment levels are either absent or only vaguely defined.


A) achievement
B) foreclosure
C) diffusion
D) moratorium

E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

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All of the following are associated with adolescent depression EXCEPT:


A) authoritative parenting.
B) lack of a best friend.
C) peer rejection.
D) problems in romantic relationships.

E) C) and D)
F) None of the above

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Juanita is a Mexican American immigrant whose family lives below the poverty line. As an adolescent, Jaunita is likely to experience:


A) prejudice and poverty.
B) discrimination and wealth.
C) acceptance and poverty.
D) acceptance and wealth.

E) B) and D)
F) None of the above

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