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Democrats tended to see industrialization as __________.


A) a boon to the nation
B) a threat to the nation
C) a mixed blessing
D) the key to the expansion of democracy

E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

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What impact did Free-Soil candidate Martin Van Buren have on the election of 1848?


A) He cost Lewis Cass New York and Pennsylvania, and with these two states the election.
B) He forced Lewis Cass to take a much stronger stand on slavery than he wanted to.
C) He cost Zachary Taylor Massachusetts and New Hampshire, and with these two states the election.
D) He had no impact on the outcome of the election but had a profound effect on the public debate over slavery.

E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

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How did the images created by landscape artists such as Thomas Moran and Albert Bierstadt most directly impact westward expansion?


A) Americans developed feelings of deep hostility toward the American Indians living in the West.
B) Americans took a renewed interest in the Rocky Mountain fur trade.
C) Americans rushed to California in search of gold.
D) Americans developed great pride in western lands and desired to move there.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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The Texas uprising against Mexico was characterized by __________.


A) alliance between Americans and Tejanos
B) alliance between Americans and Comanches
C) hostility between Irish and Spanish Catholics
D) alliance between Comanches and Tejanos

E) C) and D)
F) All of the above

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Stephen F. Austin and his hand-picked fellow colonists in Texas agreed to Mexican terms that they __________.


A) sever all economic ties with the United States
B) bring no slaves into Mexican territory
C) become Mexican citizens and accept the Catholic faith
D) pledge loyalty to the Mexican government

E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

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Unlike travelers on the Oregon Trail, travelers on the Santa Fé Trail frequently had to contend with __________.


A) attacks from hostile Indians
B) bouts of cholera
C) dehydration
D) hypothermia

E) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

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Why was the rise of the Liberty Party important to the reemergence of slavery as a national political issue?


A) The Liberty Party forced the Whigs and Democrats to address the issue of slavery.
B) The Liberty Party became popular enough to threaten the power of both major parties.
C) The Liberty Party revealed how committed southern slaveholders were to expanding slavery into the new territories.
D) The Liberty Party made Americans realize that a completely sectional party could still be a major force in national politics.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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In what way did California of the 1850s differ from the rest of the nation?


A) The population of California was more multicultural.
B) California had the largest urban population in the United States.
C) California was less affluent than other regions of the United States.
D) The free and enslaved African American population was larger than similar populations in other parts of the nation.

E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

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Who were the Californios?


A) the small group of descendants of Spanish-Mexican pioneers who lived in California before the gold rush
B) the early American pioneers who lived in California before the gold rush
C) descendants of the early marriages between Spanish and American California families
D) the group of migrants first drawn to California by the gold rush

E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

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A

How did the concept of popular sovereignty address the approach to slavery in new states?


A) It left decisions about slavery up to the states.
B) It let Congress vote on slavery for each new state.
C) It let local communities determine the status of slavery in each county.
D) It let the nation vote on the issue for each state in a special election.

E) None of the above
F) A) and D)

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Who shouldered the cost of launching exploratory expeditions, Indian removal, and land surveying in the West?


A) the federal government
B) state governments
C) private companies
D) the settlers themselves

E) None of the above
F) A) and C)

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The Louisiana Territory was explored in 1806-1807 by __________.


A) Lieutenant Zebulon Pike
B) Jedediah Smith
C) Major Stephen Long
D) John C. Frémont

E) B) and D)
F) A) and B)

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A

What was President Polk's ulterior motive in declaring war on Mexico in 1846?


A) acquiring all the land between Texas and the Pacific Ocean
B) defending America's Texan border against Mexico
C) establishing American military dominance over Mexico
D) providing the United States with a buffer against the Comanche Indians

E) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

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How does Bent's Fort illustrate the issues of a frontier of inclusion, while the American settlement of Texas was more typical of a frontier of exclusion?

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The ideal answer should include:
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The most accurate assessment of the policy of moving Indians to the west so that they would have time and space to adjust to civilized ways was that it __________.


A) was a great success
B) almost completely failed
C) only succeeded with a few tribes such as the Apache and Comanches
D) was more successful with northern than southern tribes who lived in Indian Territory

E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

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Most Chinese miners __________.


A) never intended to return to China
B) were men who came to California without their families
C) got very rich
D) wore western clothes and tried not to stand out

E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

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The American government sent explorers west during the early 1800s to __________.


A) map unknown territories
B) conquer unknown territories
C) conduct diplomacy with European settlers
D) search for gold

E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

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Under the terms of the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, the United States __________.


A) received land and Mexico got money
B) got everything President Polk wanted
C) received land and Mexico got nothing
D) got security and Mexico got commercial advantages

E) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

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The Mexican-American War was the first war in which __________.


A) ordinary citizens had access to accounts of the war's daily events
B) American citizens showed very little interest, since it took place so far away from the most populated areas of the country
C) the public attitude was shaped exclusively by politicians and political parties
D) government hid most information about the war from American citizens

E) None of the above
F) C) and D)

Correct Answer

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A

The Overland Trails started at the __________.


A) Appalachian Mountains
B) Rocky Mountains
C) Mississippi River
D) Missouri River

E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

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