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In selecting judges,the states rely on what method?


A) political appointment
B) competitive elections of a partisan nature
C) competitive elections of a nonpartisan nature
D) merit selection
E) All of these answers are correct.

F) A) and D)
G) C) and E)

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In its ruling in Citizens United v.Federal Election Commission,the Supreme Court


A) invalidated the use of union money in federal election campaigns.
B) lifted restrictions in corporate and union spending in federal election campaigns.
C) placed restrictions on the amounts that individuals can donate to federal election campaigns.
D) placed limits on the amounts that corporations can donate to federal election campaigns.
E) eliminated the provision for matching federal campaign funds in presidential elections.

F) B) and C)
G) A) and E)

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In Citizens United v.Federal Election Commission,the Supreme Court


A) issued a decision that led to a decrease in political spending in campaigns.
B) upheld the 2002 Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act.
C) ruled that corporations cannot legally be considered persons.
D) illustrated that it is a political body.
E) nullified the power of the Federal Election Commission to monitor campaign spending.

F) A) and B)
G) B) and C)

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With regard to the lower courts,the Supreme Court's primary responsibility is


A) establishing legal precedents that will guide their decisions.
B) correcting any technical mistakes the lower courts make in the cases they hear.
C) settling jurisdictional disputes among federal judges.
D) settling jurisdictional disputes between state and federal judges.
E) All of these answers are correct.

F) D) and E)
G) B) and C)

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The United States has two court systems,state and federal.The federal system


A) has discretionary jurisdiction over all cases arising in the state system.
B) is the only one with appellate courts.
C) is the only one based on the constitutional doctrine of the separation of powers.
D) is the only one that has judges who are appointed to office.
E) None of these answers is correct.

F) None of the above
G) A) and B)

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Compared to Supreme Court nominations,those for the lower federal courts


A) are,although much greater in number,irrelevant to a president's policy agenda.
B) are not subject to partisan consideration.
C) have typically involved nominees who held elective office,particularly a seat in the U.S.Senate.
D) are not subject to senatorial courtesy.
E) None of these answers is correct.

F) B) and E)
G) A) and E)

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The Supreme Court issues about __ opinions a year.


A) 10
B) 30
C) 85
D) 200
E) 450

F) C) and E)
G) All of the above

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Discuss the doctrines of judicial restraint and judicial activism.

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The doctrine of judicial restraint holds...

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Precedent,while not an absolute constraint on the courts,is needed to


A) preserve the courts as a counter majoritarian institution.
B) maintain legal consistency over time,so confusion and uncertainty about the law can be avoided.
C) check the president in the area of public law.
D) balance the policy making authority of Congress.
E) check the president in the area of foreign policy.

F) None of the above
G) A) and E)

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The Supreme Court has original jurisdiction in legal disputes involving


A) foreign diplomats.
B) the president.
C) the Congress.
D) private parties.
E) free speech and equal protection issues.

F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

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A written Supreme Court opinion that,in the absence of a majority opinion,represents the reasoning of most of the justices who side with the winning party is a


A) plurality opinion.
B) concurring opinion.
C) leading opinion.
D) prevailing opinion.
E) per curiam.

F) B) and C)
G) None of the above

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Federal judges are


A) nominated by the president.
B) confirmed by the U.S.Senate.
C) appointed for an indefinite period,providing they maintain "good behavior."
D) all of these: nominated by the president,confirmed by the U.S.Senate,and appointed for an indefinite period providing they maintain "good behavior."
E) None of these answers is correct.

F) A) and D)
G) A) and E)

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