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Keynesian economics emphasizes ________ as a means of curtailing economic downturns.


A) reduced taxes
B) increased government spending
C) decreased regulation
D) decreased inflation
E) increased taxes

F) B) and E)
G) C) and E)

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,Adam Smith made all of the following arguments for laissez-faire capitalism,EXCEPT which of the following?


A) The desire for profit is the invisible hand that guides a capitalist system.
B) The government should not be allowed any role whatsoever in the economy.
C) Private firms should be left alone to make their production and distribution decisions.
D) Firms will try to use as few resources as possible in order to keep their prices low.
E) Certain areas of the economy were better run by government agencies.

F) A) and E)
G) A) and C)

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________ wrote The Silent Spring in 1962.


A) Al Gore
B) George W.Bush
C) Greenpeace
D) Rachel Carson
E) The Sierra Club

F) B) and D)
G) A) and D)

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Explain the difference between economic efficiency and economic equity as principles that justify government regulation of the economy.

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An economy is a system of production and...

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Regulatory activity relating to the environment has actually meant that the environment today is


A) no better than it was during the 1960s.
B) actually worse than it was during the 1960s.
C) vastly more clean than it was during the 1960s.
D) so free from pollution that further regulatory activity in the future seems pointless.
E) None of these answers is correct.

F) A) and C)
G) A) and B)

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The Federal Reserve controls the money supply through all of the following actions EXCEPT


A) raising the cash reserve that member banks are required to deposit with the Federal Reserve.
B) raising the interest rate that member banks are charged when they borrow from the Federal Reserve.
C) lowering the cash reserve that member banks are required to deposit with the Federal Reserve.
D) lowering the interest rate that member banks are charged when they borrow from the Federal Reserve.
E) lowering the tax rate on individuals.

F) B) and E)
G) D) and E)

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The creation of the Food and Drug Administration and the passage of the Securities and Exchange Act were intended to


A) promote equity in the economy.
B) eliminate the problem of externalities in the economy.
C) destroy the legal foundation of the business trust.
D) promote efficiency in the economy.
E) None of these answers is correct.

F) A) and B)
G) None of the above

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The Progressive Era of government regulation focused on


A) strengthening consumer protection by preventing credit agencies from gouging individuals with high levels of debt.
B) bolstering worker safety by increasing the power of unions and forcing better safety practices on businesses.
C) increasing environmental protection and strengthening the EPA.
D) regulating troubled economic sectors,such as banking.
E) stopping the unfair business practices of the new monopolies,such as the railroads.

F) C) and D)
G) A) and B)

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A fiscal policy solution to inflation would be to


A) increase government spending.
B) lower tariffs and other barriers to trade.
C) increase the tax rate.
D) raise the discount rate.
E) decrease the tax rate.

F) A) and E)
G) B) and D)

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Which of the following is correct about environmental policy?


A) The national parks are subject to a dual use policy of preservation,recreation,and exploitation of the rich natural resources.
B) The Environmental Protection Agency was elevated to cabinet status in 1998 by President Clinton and the Republican Congress.
C) Environmental regulation has done little to improve air and water quality.
D) Policymakers always give more consideration to environmental protection than to economic development when the two conflict.
E) None of these answers is correct.

F) A) and B)
G) None of the above

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Economic efficiency requires


A) that the free market not be regulated by government.
B) that the output of goods and services is the highest possible given the amount of input used to produce them.
C) the economy to be organized around large firms.
D) economic transactions to be fair to each party.
E) economic transactions to be equal to each party.

F) C) and D)
G) D) and E)

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The Tennessee Valley Authority is


A) an electricity industry owned by the United States.
B) a private industry regulated by the United States.
C) a private electricity industry exempt from government regulation.
D) a private environmental organization that receives federal funding.
E) a private environmental organization with power to regulate industry.

F) All of the above
G) A) and B)

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Which of the following statements best describes the relationship today between government and the economy in the United States?


A) The economy is largely self-regulating.
B) The government subsidizes economic interests but otherwise leaves them to operate as they please.
C) The government is the driving force in the U.S.economy; business has a secondary role.
D) The government has an important role in regulating and maintaining the U.S.economy.
E) The government owns most of the means of production in the United States.

F) All of the above
G) A) and E)

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The term externalities refers to


A) regulations imposed on a firm by government.
B) a nation that is a trading partner of another nation.
C) unpaid costs of production that are incurred by society.
D) tariffs imposed on American goods exported to other countries.
E) None of these answers is correct.

F) A) and B)
G) A) and D)

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