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Sales of goods and services to consumers through personal interactions and demonstrations in their home or office is referred to as direct selling,or __________.


A) person-to-person sales
B) interactive selling
C) door-to-door retailing
D) individual promotion
E) customized selling

F) A) and D)
G) None of the above

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Higher paper costs,increased postage rates,the growing interest in do-not-mail legislation,and concern for "green" mailings have resulted in


A) a switch to online catalogs and direct-to-customer e-mail advertisements.
B) the use of thinner,lightweight paper products.
C) a focus on specialty catalogs for market niches.
D) the banning of "junk" mail by a growing number of environmentally-concerned communities.
E) a resurgence in non-automated telemarketing.

F) All of the above
G) B) and D)

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Which of the following stores are most likely to be an anchor store at a regional shopping center?


A) Old Navy,Abercrombie & Fitch,and Kay-Bee toy store
B) Hickory Farms,a locally-owned jewelry store,and Radio Shack
C) an antique store,Dollar General,and a bakery
D) Sears,Macy's,and JCPenney
E) Hallmark shop,a sporting goods consignment store,and a Barnes & Noble bookstore

F) All of the above
G) A) and B)

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Texas-based Whole Foods supermarkets target people who want to eat healthy.The stores use placards throughout,which tell shoppers about the farmers who grew and harvested the various products sold.This use of signage to provide consumer information is a part of which element of the retailing mix?


A) communication
B) pricing
C) merchandise
D) goods and services factor
E) location

F) A) and D)
G) None of the above

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During which stage of the retail life cycle do companies establish multiple outlets?


A) decline
B) maturity
C) accelerated development
D) introduction
E) early growth

F) D) and E)
G) A) and B)

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When Paulette first saw the dress in the store window,she knew two things.She had to own the dress,and she could not afford it at its current price.Disappointed,she left.Two weeks later,she passed by the store again and saw that the price of the dress had been reduced to one that she could afford.Specifically,the store had reduced the price by 30 percent to "move" it.Paulette was able to purchase the dress because of a(n)


A) negative markup.
B) markup elimination.
C) markdown.
D) liquidity reduction.
E) increase in net margin.

F) A) and C)
G) All of the above

Correct Answer

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A franchise where the franchisor provides step-by-step procedures for most aspects of the business is known as a


A) business-format franchise.
B) product-distribution franchise.
C) business franchise venture.
D) manufacturing franchise.
E) general service franchise.

F) C) and D)
G) C) and E)

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When retailers set prices on new models or styles of products,the price of existing models often is _________ to quickly sell them.


A) marked up
B) off-priced
C) value-added
D) marked down
E) maintained

F) B) and C)
G) C) and D)

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At the Christmas Tree Shop,customers can shop for Christmas gifts at any time of year.What type of utility primarily does this store provide for its customers?


A) place and conformance
B) possession and form
C) form
D) performance
E) time

F) B) and E)
G) A) and B)

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Stores that carry tremendous depth in one primary line of merchandise are referred to as


A) hypermarkets.
B) intertype outlets.
C) scrambled merchandise stores.
D) limited-line stores.
E) single-line stores.

F) C) and D)
G) A) and D)

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Many retailers advocate a(n) __________ strategy,a pricing strategy that may not offer the lowest prices but does try to create value for customers through its service and the total buying experience.


A) customer loyalty
B) emphasize-value
C) everyday low pricing
D) low-margin
E) everyday fair pricing

F) None of the above
G) B) and C)

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Wholesalers who have a small warehouse from which they stock their trucks for distribution to retailers are referred to as __________.


A) cash and carry wholesalers
B) truck jobbers
C) rack jobbers
D) drop shippers
E) manufacturer's representatives

F) A) and B)
G) A) and E)

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Which of the following firms has made the wisest wholesaler choice for its product?


A) Sam's Coal Country uses a cash and carry wholesaler for its coal.
B) Amy's Amazing Appetizers uses a rack jobber for its frozen apricot aperitifs.
C) Raisha's Retros uses a rack jobber for its replica racecar radios.
D) Shayna's Superior Supplies uses a desk jobber for its staplers.
E) Nova's Novelties uses a truck jobber for its never-needs-a-battery night lights.

F) A) and D)
G) C) and D)

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The calculation for same-store sales growth is


A) total sales ÷ selling area in square feet.
B) (store sales in year 3 ÷ store sales in year 1) .
C) store sales in year 1 ÷ (store sales in year 2 - store sales in year 1) .
D) (store sales in year 2 - store sales in year 1) ÷ store sales in year 1.
E) store 1 square feet ÷ store 2 square feet.

F) A) and B)
G) C) and D)

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Jane Westerlund owns a small retail picture frame store in a local strip mall.She just bought 10 picture frames from a promising woodworker for $36 each.Based on market conditions,she will sell these for $100 each.What is the percentage markup based on the selling price?


A) 0 percent
B) 36 percent
C) 64 percent
D) 100 percent
E) 156 percent

F) D) and E)
G) A) and D)

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Vending machines are no longer limited by the need for cash.In Japan,South Korea,and the Philippines,consumers use mobile phones that transmit payments to vending machines wirelessly.This is an example of how vending machines can provide which type of utility?


A) time
B) place
C) possession
D) product
E) form

F) None of the above
G) C) and D)

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Consumers often view central business district shopping as less convenient because of the lack of parking,higher crime rates,and __________.


A) out-dated stores
B) a lack of ambiance
C) fewer quality restaurants
D) few public restrooms
E) exposure to the weather

F) D) and E)
G) B) and E)

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Target recently introduced its Target REDcard,where cardholders receive 5% back for each purchase.Target also allows customers to return merchandise within 30 days but still does not offer alteration services.Target offers what level of service to its customers?


A) full-service
B) self-service
C) automated-service
D) limited-service
E) customized service

F) A) and B)
G) C) and D)

Correct Answer

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The oldest retail setting,located in the community's downtown area,is referred to as


A) the central business district.
B) main street.
C) the community anchor.
D) the economic center.
E) historic commerce district.

F) All of the above
G) C) and E)

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One of the most common forms of retail ownership is the __________ owned by a person.


A) corporate chain
B) consumer cooperative
C) contractual system
D) independent retailer
E) administered system

F) A) and D)
G) D) and E)

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